CONTENTS List of Tables xiv List of Boxes and Figures xvi List of Abbreviations and Acronyms xviii 1. THE INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR IN INDIA, 2007 1 Anupam Rastogi Introduction1oRecent Policy Initiatives and Benchmarking 1 oTelecom3 o3G and Spectrum 4oNational 'Do Not Call' Registry 5o WiMax and WiFI5 oMobile VAS6oPower 6oPower Transmission12o Power Distribution12 oNon-conventional Energy Sources14oTransport15o Ports 17 oRailways21oFreight Corridor and Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor23 oAirports24oUrban Infrastructure29oSpecial Economic Zones30 oRural Infrastructure32oConclusion34 References36 2. ISSUES IN PPP 37 2.1 MINIMUM SUBSIDY BIDDING MODEL 38 Introduction38oCritical Success Factors for an MSB Model39 oConclusion41 2.2 COMPETITIVE BIDDING MODELS FOR INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS 41 Introduction 41oThe Need for Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects42 oAwarding Rights42oThe Process of Bidding: Design, Structures, and Procedures44 oSuggestions51 2.3 SECURITIZATION AND CREDIT ENHANCEMENT FOR CATALYSING INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING 52 Anoop Singh Introduction52oExpanding Project Financing Tools53 oIssues in Infrastructure Financing 54oSecuritization and Infrastructure Financing 56oConclusions59 2.4 EVALUATION OF DEMAND AND REFORM BASED CENTRALLY SPONSORED PROGRAMMES 59 Ravikantjoshi Introduction59oThe Genesis of APDRP 60oResults61 oJNNURM63 oComparison of APDRP and JNNURM67 Annexe69 References75 3. POWER 76 3.1DRUM'S FRANCHISEE MODEL FOR ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION 77 Jim Hogan Implementation of the Franchisee Model78oProfitability Analyses 79 3.2 AN AGRICULTURAL DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT MODEL 80 Jim Hogan Background80o Financial Losses and the Depletion of Aquifers 81 oAgricultural Demand-Side Management Model82oConclusions 87 3.3 MERCHANT POWER TRANSMISSION MODEL 88 Anupam Rastogi and Shreemoyee Patra A Theoretical Case for Merchant Transmission Investment88 oMarket Transmission Regulation and Pricing90 oNeptune Regional Transmission System, USA90 References91 4. TELECOM 92 4.1 APPLICATION OF DESCENDING AUCTION BIDDING MODEL TO TELEPHONY IN RURAL INDIA 93 Rekhajain and G. Raghuram Introduction93oOverall Framework 94oDesign Features 95 Annexe99 4.2 Tl IE Cl IHATTISGARH MODEL OF E-GOVERNMENT 102 Pradeep Varma Implementation of the Chhattisgarh Model102oPilot Projects105 References106 5. TRANSPORT 107 Roads107oRailways108oAirports 108 5.1SHADOW TOLLING AND AVAILABILITY PAYMENT MECHANISM MODEL FOR ROADS 109 Anupam Rastogi and Shreemoyee Patra Payment Structure109oBenefits of Shadow Tolling 110 o Demerits of Shadow Tolling110oAvailability Payment Mechanism 110 oBeiras Literal and Alta Shadow Toll Road, Portugal111 5.2A PPP MODEL FOR RURAL ROADS UNDER PMGSY 112 Jyoti Gujral The Responsibilities of the Concessionaire113 5.3 MODELS OF SUBURBAN RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE IN INDIA 116 Ranjan Kumarjain CIDCO Model117 5.4 PPP MODELS FOR RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE IN INDIA 119 Ranjan Kumarjain Industry Structure119o PPP Models for Fixed Infrastructure of Railways120 5.5 PPP MODELS FOR FREIGHT BUSINESS 121 Ranjan Kumarjain Private Freight Terminal121 o Private Warehouse and Railway Freight Terminal121 oAgri-Retail Logistics Chain121 oCommodity Specific Freight Terminals121 oPrivate Container Trains121 5.6 4P MODEL OF FREIGHT BUSINESS FOR INDIAN RAILWAYS 122 G. Raghuram and Rachna Gangwar Freight Traffic122oBusiness Initiatives by IR Since 2002123 o 4P Model for Freight Business124oPotential Clients of IR 129 o Concluding Remarks130 Annexe131 5.7 PPP MODEL OF INDIAN AIRPORTS-LESSONS FROM DELHI AND MUMBAI AIRPORT CONCESSIONS 134 Rekhajain, G. Raghuram, and Rachna Gangwar Airport Concession Model134oLessons Learnt138 References 139 6. COMMERCIAL AND URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE 140 Urban Transportation140 oHousing141o SEZs141 6.1 PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICE MODEL OF INDORE CITY 142 Vwek Aggarwal Structuring of the Project 142oManagement of the SPV142o Route and Manpower Planning143 oFinancial Planning and Sources of Revenue 144 oProject Benefits146 oPlanning for BRTS Now146 6.2 HYDERABAD METRO RAIL MODEL 147 Ranjan Kumarjain Selection of Project Developer147oFinancial Structuring147 o Legal Enabling Provisions148oFare Structure148 6.3 THE DOCKLAND LIGHT RAIL PROJECT MODEL- AN INNOVATIVE FINANCING MODEL BY A SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 148 Anupam Rastogi and Shreemoyee Patra Salient Features of the Concession 149 6.4 UMTS FOR HILLY AREAS: U-DEC MODEL OF ROPEWAYS 150 Asrivini Parashar Ropeways as UMTS150oPPP in Ropeways151 6.5 MUMBAI TRANS-HARBOUR LINK AND WESTERN FREEWAY SEA LINK MODELS 152 Sonia Sethi 6.6 SUKHOBRISHTI MODEL OF AFFORDABLE HOUSING AND NEW TOWNSHIPS 153 Bhaskar Chakrabarti and Runa Sarkar Background153o The Sukhobrishti Model154 6.7 EMERGING MODELS OF FINANCING COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE IN INDIA 155 Piyush Tiwari Introduction155oSize of Real Estate155oOwnership of Commercial Real Estate156 oEmerging Models in India157o Emerging Trends159 6.8INDIAN SEZ MODEL 160 Piyush Tiwari Background160oSEZ Model of India160 oThe SEZ Policy 161 oAn Appraisal of the SEZ Model in India162 oLand Acquisitions for SEZs165 oFactors Ensuring the Success of SEZs165 6.9 COMPENSATORY MODELS FOR LAND ACQUISITION 167 Ramakrishna Nallathiga Introduction167oMeasurement of Adequate Compensation168 o Compensation Payment169 Annexe172 6.10 AN INNOVATIVE MODEL FOR INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SEZs 174 P. V. Indiresan An All-inclusive Model of Compensation Package174 oCost Estimates175 6.11 JAIPUR MODEL OF ACQUISITION OF LAND FOR SEZ 176 Neeraj Gupta 6.12 IDFC's MODELS FOR WHOLESALE AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AND VILLAGE HAATS 177 Jyoti Gujral Emerging Scenario for Private Sector Participation177 oIDFC Model for Wholesale Agricultural Market178oIDFC Model for Rural Haats 179 oConclusions180 References180 7. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 181 Water, Sanitation, SWM181 o Healthcare181 oEducation182 7.1 THE BYRRAJU FOUNDATION'S 4P MODEL OF QUALITY DRINKING WATER IN VILLAGES 183 D.R. Prasada Raju Operation and Maintenance of Sujala plants183oFinancing of Sujala Plants183 oSharing of Responsibilities in the 4P Model184 oReplicability and Results185 7.2 MAHARASHTRA'S COMMUNITY-BASED MODEL FOR RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION 185 Sonia Sethi o Background185oGenesis of Jalswarajya in Maharashtra185o Integration of Water Supply Reforms with the Sanitation Campaign186oOutcomes 186 7.3 MODELS FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDIA 187 Vwek S. Agrawal and Neeraj Gupta Models in Vogue Under PPP187 oCost Implications 189 7.4 DELFLAND WASTE WATER TREATMENT MODEL 190 Anupam Rastogi and Shreemoyee Patra Innovative Features of the Model190oAward of the Concession 190 oAdvantages for the Municipality Within Such a Model191 7.5 A PPP MODEL FOR MEDICAL EDUCATION AND TERTIARY HEALTHCARE 191 Partha Mukhopadhyay Critical Evaluation of PPP in Healthcare192 oMapping an Apex Healthcare Institute193 oKey Components of an Apex Healthcare Institute194oSelection Process196 oMonitoring of Responsibilities196oConclusion198 7.6 THE BYRRAJU FOUNDATION'S PPP MODEL FOR VILLAGE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTRES 198 D.S. Ratna Devi and K. Rama Raju The Approach 198 7.7 AN INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT MODEL FOR HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND HOUSING SECTORS 200 P. V.Indiresan 7.8 PRIVATE AND PUBLIC HEALTH INSURANCE MODELS IN INDIA: A BALANCED APPROACH 202 Ashoke Bhattacharjya and Puneet Sapra Role of Health Insurance 206 oExpanding Healthcare Coverage208 7.9 THE BYRRAJU FOUNDATION'S PPCP MODEL FOR EDUCATION 209 Y. Suresh Reddy and Verghese Jacob Public, Private, and Community Partnership Model209 7.10 EDUCATION VOUCHERS AND ONE CAMPUS AND MANY SCHOOLS MODELS TO DELIVER PRIMARY EDUCATION IN REMOTE AREAS 210 Anupam Rastogi and Shreemoyee Patra Education Vouchers211o One Campus-Many Schools Model211 7.11 A PPP MODEL FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION: UPGRADING THE ITIs 212 Partha Mukhopadhyay Introduction212oExisting System for Vocational Training in India 213 oPrivate Industrial Training in India214 oPPP in Industrial Training in India216 oWhere Does the Indian System Fit?217 oConclusion220 o Annexe222 7.12 A PPP MODEL FOR ECO-TOURISM 223 Partha Mukhopadhyay Introduction223 oCommon Stakeholder Framework 223 o Conclusion227 References227