CONTENTS Foreword xi Introduction xv SECTION IGOING GREEN 1 From Lean to Green: Green Value Stream Thinking 3 The First Green Waste: Energy 6 The Second Green Waste: Water 6 The Third Green Waste: Materials 7 The Fourth Green Waste: Garbage 7 The Fifth Green Waste: Transportation 8 The Sixth Green Waste: Emissions 8 The Seventh Green Waste: Biodiversity 9 2 Understanding Your Green Value Streams 11 Starting with an Example: Value Streams versus Green Value Streams 12 The Green Value Stream (GVS) Approach 14 Green Stream Mapping 16 Creating Your Current-State Green Stream Map 16 Map What You Do 16 Identify Each Step or Process 19 Map How You Receive and Send Materials and Information 20 Draw in Data Boxes 21 Identify the Green Wastes 21 Measure the Green Wastes 24 Creating a Future-State Green Stream Map 24 Achieving a Green State: The Pursuit of Perfection 27 Gaining Corporate Support for the GVS Process 30 Gaining a Commitment from Top Management 30 Setting Your Green Vision 30 Establishing Your Green Champion 31 Establishing a Green Team 32 The Bottom-Up Approach 33 Life Cycle Analysis 34 SECTION IITHE SEVEN GREEN WASTES 3 The First Green Waste : Energy 39 Step 1: Identify the Use and Source of Energy in Each Activity 40 Step 2: Measure the Quantity of Energy Used 43 Using the Nameplate Method and Calculating 44 Using the Energy Meter Method 47 Step 3: Minimize the Use of Energy 50 Energy Conservation 50 Energy-Efficient Technologies 54 Energy Management 58 Step 4: Offset Remaining Energy Use 61 Step 5: Transition to Self-Harvested Renewable Energy 64 4 The Second Green Waste : Water 67 Step 1: Identify the Use of Water in the Value Stream and Overall Building 68 Step 2: Measure Water Consumption and Discharge in the Overall Building and Value Stream Activities 71 Step 3: Measure Toxicity of Water Discharged in Value Stream Activities 75 Step 4: Minimize the Consumption of Water 77 Step 5: Minimize the Toxicity of Water Discharge 79 Step 6: Self-Harvest Rainwater 82 Step 7: Transition toward the Continual Reuse of Water 87 5 The Third Green Waste: Materials 91 Step 1: Identify the Input and Output of Materials in Your Value Stream 93 Step 2: Measure the Recycled/Recyclable and Compostable Content of Each Material Input and Output 99 Measure the Recycled and Biodegradable Material Inputs 99 Measure the Recyclable and Compostable Material Outputs101 Step 3: Classify Materials as Technical Nutrient, Biological Nutrient, or Neither102 Step 4: Assess the Impact on the Environment 105 Step 5: Phase out Negative-Impact Materials 108 Step 6: Minimize Materials Usage110 Step 7: Move toward 100 Percent Recycled/Recyclable or Compostable Material Inputs and Outputs112 Move toward 100 Percent Recycled or Biodegradable Material Inputs 112 Measure the Recyclable and Compostable Material Outputs115 Step 8: Transition to 100 Percent Reuse116 6 The Fourth Green Waste : Garbage 121 Step 1: Identify the Creation of Garbage in Your Value Stream 123 Step 2: Measure the Makeup of Garbage in Your Value Stream 125 Step 3: Measure the Hazardous Substances in Your Garbage 126 Step 4: Minimize the Creation of Garbage 128 Step 5: Move toward 100 Percent Reusable or Biodegradable Garbage137 Step 6: Move toward the Total Elimination of Garbage 139 7 The Fifth Green Waste : Transportation 145 Step 1: Identify Transportation within Your Value Stream and Overall Building 147 Step 2: Measure the Mode and Distance of Transportation 151 Step 3: Minimize Transportation155 Minimize Transportation in Value Stream Activities (Shipping and Receiving) 156 Source and Produce Locally 156 Use Transportation Demand Management 156 Use Other Modes of Transportation 156 Avoid Rush Orders 157 Minimize Packaging 157 Minimize Transportation in the Overall Building 159 Use Technology 159 Consolidate159 Carpool 160 Telecommute 160 Step 4: Offset Remaining Transportation 163 Step 5: Move toward the Use of 100 Percent Environmentally Friendly Transportation 167 Hybrid/Fuel-Efficient Vehicles 168 Public Transit 169 Alternative Fuels 169 Bicycles 169 8 The Sixth Green Waste: Emissions173 Step 1: Identify the Sources of Emissions to Produce Your Product or Service 175 Step 2: Measure the Type and Amount of Emissions Used to Produce Your Product or Service178 Step 3: Identify the Presence of Emissions from the Use of Your Product or Service 181 Step 4: Measure the Type and Amount of Emissions from the Use of Your Product or Service182 Step 5: Minimize Emissions 183 Step 6: Offset Remaining Emissions 189 Step 7: Move toward the Total Elimination of Emissions191 9 The Seventh Green Waste: Biodiversity 195 Step 1: Identify Biodiversity Waste 197 Step 2: Measure Biodiversity Destruction 200 Step 3: Minimize and Eliminate Biodiversity Destruction 204 Move toward the Regeneration of Biodiversity 208 SECTION IIICONCLUSION AND APPENDICES 10Conclusion215 Appendix A: Green Dictionary 219 Appendix B: An Environmental Primer 227 Appendix C: Resources 235 Appendix D: Worksheets 251 Index 259 About the Author273