CONTENTS Thanks and acknowledgements xiii Introduction i Part 1: Background theory and guidelines 3 Grammar 3 What is grammar?3 The grammar practised in this book 3 The place of grammar in language teaching 4 Practice 6 Validity 6 Quantity 7 Success-orientation 7 Heterogeneity 8 Interest 9 Summary 10 Activities 11 Features of activity design 11 Practical tips 24 Part 2: Activities 27 Adjectives 27 1.1 ADJECTIVE BEFORE THE NOUN 27 1.1.1 Guessing adjectives 27 1.1.2 Inserting adjectives 28 1.1.3 The same tastes 29 1.1.4 Adjective poem 31 1.2 COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES 32 1.2.1 Adjectives on the Internet 32 1.2.2Brainstorming comparisons 33 1.2.3Bigger, better, faster! 36 1.2.4 Circle comparisons 37 1.2.5 Preferences 39 1.2.6 Which is heavier? 40 1.3 ADJECTIVES AFTER BE OR OTHER COPULAR VERBS 42 1.3.1 Guessing by description 42 1.3.2 Not what it seems 43 2 Adverbs 44 2.1 MANNER ADVERBS 44 2.1.1 How can you do it? 44 2.1.2 Miming adverbs 45 2.2. FREQUENCY ADVERBS47 2.2.1 Frequency surveys 47 2.2.2 What do you do when ..? 49 3 Conditionals 50 3.1 Finishing conditional sentences50 3.2 Chains of events 52 3.3 Superstitions 53 3.4 Justifying actions 54 3.5 Looking back . 56 3.6I wish.. 57 4Future tenses 59 4.1 FUTURE WITH GOING TO 59 4.1.1 Mickey's diary 59 4.1.2 Finding a time to meet 62 4.1.3 Future of a picture 63 4.1.4 Mime continuation 67 4.2 FUTURE WITH WILL 68 4.2.1 Future of an object 68 4.2.2 How will the story end? 69 4.2.3 Horoscopes 70 4.2.4 The world tomorrow 71 4.3 THE FUTURE PERFECT TENSE 72 4.3.1 By six o'clock 72 5Imperatives 73 5.1 Please!73 5.2 Directions 74 5.3 Recipes 76 5.4 Dos and don'ts77 5.5 Symbols 78 5.6 Suggestions 80 6Indirect speech 81 6.1 INDIRECT STATEMENTS AND QUESTIONS 81 6.1.1 Can you remember what they said?81 6.1.2 Reporting interviews 82 6.1.3 Correspondence 83 6.1.4 People used to believe 84 6.1.5 Need to know 85 6.2 INDIRECT COMMANDS 86 6.2.1 They told me 86 6.2.2 What's she telling him? 87 7 Interrogatives 91 7.1 'YES/NO' QUESTIONS 91 7.1.1 Guessing 91 7.1.2 Common denominator 93 7.1.3 Questionnaires ' 95 7.1.4 Don't say yes or no 97 7.2 'WH-' QUESTIONS 99 7.2.1 Find someone with the answer 99 7.2.2 Quizzes 103 7.2.3 Your own comprehension questions 105 7.2.4 Paired cloze 106 7-3 ALL TYPES OF QUESTIONS 109 7.3.1 Dialogues 109 7-3.2. Wrangling in 7-3.3 Beat the clock in 7.3.4 Answer with a question 112 7.3.5 Filling in forms 113 7.3.6 Preparing interviews 116 7.3.7 Long subjects 117 8.Is/are and there is/there are 8.1Describing pictures 118 8.2Picture dictation118 8.3Find a twice picture 122 8.4 Reverse guessing (I) 125 8.5 Is it in my bag? 126 Modals 9.1Guessing by abilities 127 9.2Uses of an object 128 9.3Desert island equipment 129 9.4 Games and their rules 131 9.5 Rules and recommendations 132 9.6 Duties and privileges 133 9.7 Modal symbols 134 9.8 Dilemmas 136 9.9Being polite 138 9.10 Deductions 1^9 9.11Evidence 140 9.12 Then and now 142 10 Negatives 10.1 Erasing picture dictations 143 10.2 What's the difference? 143 10. 3 Piclure differences 144 10.4 Questionnaires with negative answers 152 10.5 Don't say no 154 10.6 Negative hints 155 10.7 Discrepancies 155 11Nouns, articles and determiners 157 11.1 NOUNS WITH A/AN/THE/ZERO ARTICLE 157 11.1.1What's that? Where is it ?157 11.1.2 Expanding headlines 158 11.1.3 Occupations 160 11.1.4 Proverbs 162 11.2 SINGULAR AND PLURAL, COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS; A/AN/SOME/ANY'o 164 11.2.1 Remembering pairs 164 11.2.2 Piling up stores166 11.2.3 Shopping 167 11.2.4 Finding investment partners f 171 11.3 BOTH .. AND .., NEITHER ..NOR .. 173 11.3.1 Association dominoes 173 11.3.2 Similarities , 177 11.4 MUCH, MANY, A LITTLE, A FEW, NO 180 11.4.1 How much patience? ' 180 11.4.2 Healthy living ! 181 11.5 NOUN MODIFIERS 182 11.5.1 A business school 182 12 Numbers 184 12.1 CARDINAL NUMBERS 184 12.1.1 Telephone numbers 184 12.1.2 Address book 186 12.1.3 Number dictation 186 12.1.4 Numbers that are important to me 187 12.2 ORDINAL NUMBERS 188 12.2.1 Significant dates 188 12.2.2 Getting in . der 189 13 Passives 190 13.1 Passives on theinternet 190 13.2 What is done-and who by? 191 13.3 Describing changes 192 13.4 Writing it up 196 13.5 What's being done? 196 13.6 F.lection campaign 197 13.7 It can be done 197 13.8 By men, by women, or by both 198 14 Past tenses 199 14.1 PAST SIMPLE199 14.1.1 Recall and share 199 14.1.2 Listening to stories 200 14.1.3 Piling up events 200 14.1.4 Chain story 201 14.1.5 Pictures into story 203 14.1.6 Putting stories in order 207 14.1.7 Cooperative story 209 14.1.8 Changes in your life 210 14.1.9 Story behind a photo210 14.1.10 Alibi 211 14.1.11 Interrupt me!212 14.2 PAST PROGRESSIVE 14.2.1 What were you doing? 14.2.2 Are you a good witness? 213 14.2.3 When it happened 216 14.2.4 Begin a story 216 14.3 PRESENT PERFECT 217 14.3.1 Find someone who 217 14.3.2 What has happened? 219 14.3-3 Oh! 220 14.3.4 Accounting for moods 222 14.3.5Things have changed since then225 14.3.6The right experience for the job 226 14.3.7 I have lived here for ..227 14.3.8What have they been doing:228 14.3.8 What have they t 14.4 PAST PERFECT231 14.4.1 Past diary 231 14.4.2 Changes: before and after 231 14.4.3 True or false?232 15 Possessives 233 15.1 Statues 233 15.2 Who is lying?234 15.3 Family tree 235 15.4 Whose is it? 237 15.5 Distributing goods 238 16 Prepositions 240 16.1 Where were you? 240 16.2, On the table 241 16.3 In on at 243 16.4 Guessing locations 244 16.5 Describe and arrange245 16.6 Where would you like to live ? 247 16.7 Preposition poem 248 16.8 Who's she talking to? 249 17Present tenses 253 17.1 PRESENT SIMPLE 253 17.1.1 Detectives 253 17.1.2 Possessions 254 17.1.3 Animal habits 255 17.1.4 Opinion questionnaires 256 17.1.5 Routines 258 17.1.6 Guessing occupations 259 17.1.7 What I do and don't do 261 17.1.8 Something special 262 17.1.9 What do you feel about it? 262 17.1.10 Things in common 263 17.1.11 Changing proverbs 264 17.1.12 Is it true? 266 17.1.13 Recall the plot 266 17.1.14 Theme music 267 17.2 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE 267 17.2..! He is running too!267 17.2.2 What's going on? 268 17.2.3 Guessing mimes 270 17.2.4 Silhouettes 273 17.2.5 Temporary and permanent 276 18 Pronouns 277 18.1 Reverse guessing (2) 277 18.2 It's automatic! 278 18.3 Who are they? 281 18.4 Yourselves or each other? 283 19 Relative clauses 284 19.1Likes and dislikes 284 19.2Relative quizzes 285 19.3Write your own test 288 19.4 Extending a story 289 19.5 Things I want to complain about 291 20 Short answers and tag questions 293 20. 1 SHORT ANSWERS 293 20.1.1Answering guesses 293 20.1.2 They do294 20.1.3 Written enquiries 296 20.2 TAG QUESTIONS ,297 20.2.1 It's true, isn't it? 297 20.2.2 Nice day, isn't it? 298 21 Verb structures 300 21.1 TO' INFINITIVES 300 21.1.1What to do300 21.1.2Purposes 301 21.1.3Professional help 302 21.2 '-ING' FORMS OF THE VERB 308 21.2.1 Tastes308 21.2.2 Surveys 308 21.2.3How could you do it? 312 21.3 VERB OBJECTS 313 21.3.1 Can I help? 313 21.3.2 Work it out 315 References and further reading 317 Index 319