CONTENTS About the Project 7 Foreword 10 Introduction 13 Monitoring Air Pollutants 14 Transport is universally considered the major cause of air pollution. Emissions from hot mix plants during road construction contain carcinogenic substances, toxic metals poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds. Road construction also generates a lot of dust. Noise Monitoring on Roads 52 The increasing highway traffic has become the most dominant source of noise in human environment. In India, noise emanating from road-traffic has started evoking public reaction. But, the citizens find themselves helpless against this nuisance since reducing road noise is last on priority in India. Water and Soil Monitoring 74 The spill of hazardous materials including used oil is common at HMP sites. Used oil is insoluble, contains toxins and heavy metals. It is very slow at degrading. The discharge of untreated sewage also pollutes water resources and soil. The leachate from waste dumps can contaminate sub soil water and lead to long term consequences.