Urban air quality analysis for Ahmedabad a spatio temporal assessment (Soft copy is also available) (Record no. 68381)
[ view plain ]
| 000 -LEADER | |
|---|---|
| fixed length control field | 08869nam a22001817a 4500 |
| 082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER | |
| Classification number | MG TH-0196 |
| Item number | SHA |
| 100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Sharma, Neha (PG180592) |
| 245 ## - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Urban air quality analysis for Ahmedabad a spatio temporal assessment (Soft copy is also available) |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT) | |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc | 2020 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION | |
| Extent | xxxvii,165p. |
| 505 ## - FORMATTED CONTENTS NOTE | |
| Formatted contents note | Table of contents <br/>Certificate of Original Authorship xi<br/>Certificate of Dissertation - Advisor’s consent xiii<br/>Certificate of Dissertation - Program Chair’s consent xv<br/>Undertaking xvii<br/>Acknowledgments xix<br/>Abstract xxi<br/>List of Figures xxv<br/>List of Tables xxvii<br/>List of Maps xxix<br/>List of Charts xxxi<br/>Abbreviations Used xxxiii<br/>CHAPTER 1 – LITERATURE REVIEW 3<br/>1.1 BACKGROUND STUDY 3<br/>1.1.1 Introduction 3<br/>1.1.2 Air Pollution 5<br/>1.1.2.1 Definition 5<br/>1.1.2.2 Types of Pollutants 6<br/>1.1.3 Causes 12<br/>1.1.3.1 Air Pollutants Sources12<br/>1.1.4 Health Impact of Pollutants 13<br/>1.2 AIR POLLUTION STANDARDS 15<br/>1.2.1 Global Standards by WHO 15<br/>1.2.2 Indian Standards by CPCB16<br/>1.3 INDIAN GOVERNMENT PROGRAMMES 17<br/>1.3.1 National Air Monitoring Programme (NAMP)17<br/>1.3.2 The System of Air Quality and Weather Forecasting and Research<br/>(SAFAR) 17<br/>1.3.3 National Clean Air Action Plan (NCAP)18<br/>1.4 WAYS OF AIR QUALITY MONITORING 18<br/>1.5 AIR QUALITY (AQ) INDEX19<br/>1.5.1 Air Quality (AQ) Index (India) 19<br/>1.6 AIR QUALITY PREDICTION MODELS 20<br/>1.6.1 Why Prediction Models21<br/>1.6.2 Input Parameters for Prediction Model21<br/>1.7 LITERATURE SURVEY23<br/>1.7.1 Geospatial Trends in Air Quality Monitoring 23<br/>1.7.1.1 Use of satellite imagery 23<br/>1.7.1.2 Use of GIS23<br/>1.7.1.3 Prediction Models 23<br/>1.7.2 Literature Study 24<br/>1.7.3 Research Gap24<br/>CHAPTER 2 - METHODOLOGY27<br/>1.1 AIM27<br/>1.2 OBJECTIVES 27<br/>1.3 STUDY AREA 27<br/>1.3.1 About Ahmedabad District27<br/>1.3.2 Meteorological Parameters Values of Ahmedabad 28<br/>1.4 DETAILED METHODOLOGY 29<br/>1.4.1 Phase 1 - Literature Review30<br/>1.4.2 Phase 2 - Data Collection31<br/>1.4.3 Phase 3 - Data Processing32<br/>1.4.4 Phase 4 - Data Analysis33<br/>1.4.5 Phase 5 - Spatial & Pixel Based Air Quality Concentration Ranking Tool<br/>33<br/>CHAPTER 3 - DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING35<br/>1.1 DATA COLLECTION35<br/>1.1.1 Air Quality Satellites Time Series35<br/>1.1.2 Pollutant wise Satellite Data Availability36<br/>1.1.3 Air Quality Satellite Data Download Portals38<br/>1.1.3.1 Google Earth Engine (GEE) 38v<br/>1.1.3.2 Socio Economic data and Applications Center (SEDAC)38<br/>1.1.3.3 GOSAT Data Archive Service (GDAS) 39<br/>1.1.3.4 LAADS Earth Data39<br/>1.1.3.5 Worldview40<br/>1.1.3.6 Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES<br/>DISC) 41<br/>1.1.3.7 CO2 Data Portal 41<br/>1.1.4 Air Quality Data Products used in Present Study 42<br/>1.1.4.1 AURA OMI Ozone - OMTO3e 43<br/>1.1.4.2 AURA OMI Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) - OMNO2d43<br/>1.1.4.3 AURA OMI Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) - OMSO2e 44<br/>1.1.4.4 MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) – MAIAC44<br/>1.1.4.5 Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.544<br/>1.1.5 Data Download45<br/>1.1.5.1 Manual Download45<br/>1.1.5.2 From Google Earth Engine 45<br/>1.1.5.3 Using WGET 45<br/>1.2 DATA PROCESSING48<br/>1.2.1 Model Builder Tools 48<br/>1.2.1.1 NetCDF to TIFF49<br/>1.2.1.2 Annual/Monthly Mean Tool 50<br/>1.2.2 Scripting51<br/>1.2.2.1 Annual/Monthly Mean to Hotspot Tool 51<br/>1.2.2.2 MODIS MAIAC Conversion Script 53<br/>1.2.2.3 Smaller Tools53<br/>1.2.3 Unit Conversion Models 54<br/>1.2.3.1 Moles/m2 to Dobson Unit54<br/>1.2.3.2 Molecules/cm2 to Dobson Unit 55<br/>CHAPTER 4 – DATA ANALYSIS AND OUTPUTS57<br/>1.1 SPATIAL ANALYSIS57<br/>1.1.1 Hotspot Analysis 58<br/>1.1.1.1 Getis-Ord Gi 58<br/>1.1.2 Pearson Correlation Analysis<br/>591.1.3 Regression Analysis 59<br/>1.1.3.1 Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)60<br/>1.2 SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS 60<br/>1.2.1 Emerging Hotspot analysis (EHA)61<br/>1.3 OUTPUTS – PM2.5 65<br/>1.3.1 Annual Mean Rasters65<br/>1.3.2 Trend Analysis over the years in the mean values66<br/>1.3.3 Annual Hotspot Analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*) – PM2.5 67<br/>1.3.4 Emerging Hotspot Analysis – PM2.5 (2006-16)68<br/>1.3.4.1 Steps Followed68<br/>1.4 OUTPUTS - PM1069<br/>1.4.1 Annual Mean Rasters69<br/>1.4.2 Trend Analysis over the years in the mean values70<br/>1.4.3 Annual Hotspot Analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*) – PM10 71<br/>1.4.4 Emerging Hotspot Analysis – PM10(2009-18)72<br/>1.4.4.1 Steps Followed72<br/>1.5 OUTPUTS – NO2 73<br/>1.5.1 Annual Mean Rasters73<br/>1.5.2 Trend Analysis over the years in the mean 74<br/>1.5.3 Annual Hotspot Analysis (Getis-Ord Gi)75<br/>1.5.4 Emerging Hotspot Analysis – NO2 (2009-18)76<br/>1.5.4.1 Steps Followed76<br/>1.6 OUTPUTS – SO277<br/>1.6.1 Annual Mean Rasters77<br/>1.6.2 Trend Analysis of Annual Mean Values of SO2 over the Years78<br/>1.6.3 Annual Hotspots of SO2 79<br/>1.6.4 Emerging Hotspot Analysis – SO2 (2009-18)80<br/>1.6.4.1 Steps Followed80<br/>1.7 OUTPUTS – O3 81<br/>1.7.1 Annual Mean Rasters81<br/>1.7.2 Trend Analysis of Annual Mean Values of O382<br/>1.7.3 Annual Hotspots of O383<br/>1.7.4 Emerging Hotspot Analysis – O3 (2009-18)84vii<br/>1.7.4.1 Steps Followed84<br/>1.8 OUTPUT – AOT85<br/>1.8.1 Annual Mean Rasters85<br/>1.8.2 Trend Analysis of Annual Mean Values of AOT 86<br/>1.8.3 Annual Hotspots87<br/>1.8.4 AOT Monthly Hotspots 2017 88<br/>1.8.5 AOT Seasonal Hotspot Analysis (201788<br/>1.8.6 Graphical Analysis of AOT Monthly Mean Values of 2011 and 2017 89<br/>1.8.7 Emerging Hotspot Analysis – AOT (2009-18)89<br/>1.9 ANALYSIS W.R.T LANDUSE 90<br/>1.9.1 Landuse Maps of Ahmedabad District for the years 2011 and 2017 90<br/>1.9.2 Major Landuse of Hotspot Regions of Each Pollutant (2017) 90<br/>1.9.3 Major Landuse of Hotspot Regions of Each Pollutant (2011) 91<br/>1.9.4 Correlation with Landuse (2011)92<br/>1.9.4.1 Scatter Plot Matrix 92<br/>1.9.4.2 Regression Analysis – Ordinary Least Square (2011)92<br/>1.9.5 Correlation with Landuse (2017)93<br/>1.9.5.1 Scatter Plot Matrix 93<br/>1.9.5.2 Regression Analysis – Ordinary Least Square (2017)93<br/>1.9.6 Landuse Class wise Min & Max Values of Pollutants94<br/>1.9.7 Graphical Analysis of Minimum and Maximum values in each Landuse<br/>Class 95<br/>1.9.7.1 AOT 95<br/>1.9.7.2 Ozone (O3) 96<br/>1.9.7.3 PM1097<br/>1.9.7.4 PM2.598<br/>1.9.7.5 SO2 99<br/>1.9.7.6 NO2100<br/>CHAPTER 5 – GENERATION OF ‘SATELLITE-BASED SPATIAL AIR<br/>QUALITY INDEX TOOL’ 101<br/>1.1 ABOUT THE TOOL 101<br/>1.1.1 Usage 101<br/>1.1.2 Pollutants Covered101<br/>1.1.3 Tool Hierarchy101<br/>1.1.4 Importance 102<br/>1.1.5 Output Maps102<br/>1.1.6 Limitations 102<br/>1.2 SPATIAL AND PIXEL BASED AIR QUALITY CONCENTRATION RANKING TOOL<br/>FLOW 103<br/>1.3 DERIVING CONCENTRATION RANGES 103<br/>1.3.1 Regression Method104<br/>1.3.2 AOT Ranges 105<br/>1.4 SATELLITE-BASED AIR QUALITY INDEX 105<br/>1.5 CALCULATION OF SUB-INDEX106<br/>1.6 SUB-INDEX TOOLS107<br/>1.6.1 Input Parameters 107<br/>1.6.2 Tools Used 107<br/>1.6.3 PM2.5 Sub-Index Model107<br/>1.6.3.1 Script for Calculating PM2.5 Sub-Index 107<br/>1.6.3.2 Script for Calculating PM2.5 Sub-Index Class108<br/>1.6.3.3 Script to Check with WHO Limit 108<br/>1.6.3.4 Script to Check with CPCB Limit 109<br/>1.6.3.5 Output Attribute Table109<br/>1.6.3.6 PM2.5 Sub-Index Model Outputs109<br/>1.6.4 PM10 Sub-Index Model 110<br/>1.6.4.1 Script for Calculating PM10 Sub-Index110<br/>1.6.4.2 Script for Calculating PM10 Sub-Index Class 110<br/>1.6.4.3 Script to Check with WHO Limit 111<br/>1.6.4.4 Script to Check with CPCB Limit 111<br/>1.6.5 SO2 Sub-Index Model 111<br/>1.6.5.1 Script for Calculating SO2 Sub-Index111<br/>1.6.5.2 Script to Check with WHO Limit 112<br/>1.6.5.3 Script to Check with CPCB Limit 112<br/>1.6.6 NO2 Sub-Index Model112<br/>1.6.6.1 Script for Calculating NO2 Sub-Index 112<br/>1.6.6.2 Script to Check with WHO Limit 113ix<br/>1.6.6.3 Script to Check with CPCB Limit 113<br/>1.7 CATEGORY INDEX MODELS 113<br/>1.7.1 Particulate Matter Category Model113<br/>1.7.1.1 Input Parameters 113<br/>1.7.1.2 Tools Used 113<br/>1.7.1.3 Output 114<br/>1.7.2 Trace Gases Category Model 114<br/>1.7.2.1 Input Parameters 114<br/>1.7.2.2 Tools Used 114<br/>1.7.2.3 Output 114<br/>1.8 OVERALL ANNUAL SATELLITE BASED AIR QUALITY INDEX MODEL 115<br/>1.8.1 Input Parameters 115<br/>1.8.2 Tools Used 115<br/>1.8.3 Output 115<br/>1.8.4 Tool Output Map116<br/>CHAPTER 6 - LOCKDOWN 2020 IMPACT ON AIR POLLUTION LEVEL 117<br/>1.1 LOCKDOWN 2020117<br/>1.2 DATA USED 117<br/>1.3 CHANGE IN NO2 LEVELS118<br/>1.3.1 Analysis118<br/>1.4 CHANGE IN SO2119<br/>1.4.1 Analysis119<br/>1.5 CHANGE IN O3120<br/>1.5.1 Analysis120<br/>1.6 CHANGE IN CO 121<br/>1.6.1 Analysis121<br/>1.7 CHANGE IN PM10 122<br/>1.7.1 Analysis122<br/>1.8 CHANGE IN PM2.5123<br/>1.8.1 Analysis123<br/>1.9 CHANGE IN AOT124<br/>1.9.1 Analysis124<br/>CHAPTER 7 - CONCLUSION127<br/>1.1 PM2.5 127<br/>1.2 PM10 127<br/>1.3 NO2 128<br/>1.4 SO2 129<br/>1.5 AOT 129<br/>1.6 O3 130<br/>1.7 SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL ANALYSIS CONCLUSION CHART 130<br/>1.8 LOCKDOWN IMPACT CONCLUSION132<br/>1.8.1 Conclusion Chart133<br/>1.9 USE OF STUDY 134<br/>1.10 WAY FORWARD 135<br/>REFERENCESII<br/>Appendix 1: Available Satellites for Air Quality Analysis and their Details XXIII<br/>Appendix 2: Google Earth Engine Code to Download Air Quality Satellite Data. XXV<br/>Plagiarism Report CopyXXXI |
| 700 ## - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Dave, Bindi (Guide) |
| 700 ## - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Vyas, Anjana (Guide) |
| 890 ## - Country | |
| Country | India |
| 891 ## - Topic | |
| Topic | 2018 Batch |
| 891 ## - Topic | |
| Topic | FT-PG |
| 891 ## - Topic | |
| Topic | M.Sc. Geomatics |
| Withdrawn status | Lost status | Source of classification or shelving scheme | Damaged status | Not for loan | Collection code | Withdrawn status | Home library | Current library | Date acquired | Source of acquisition | Full call number | Barcode | Date last seen | Price effective from | Koha item type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dewey Decimal Classification | Faculty of Technology | CEPT Library | CEPT Library | 01/02/2021 | Faculty of Technology | MG TH-0196 SHA | 022655 | 01/02/2021 | 01/02/2021 | Thesis |