Commercial energy auditing reference handbook (Record no. 5499)
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| 000 -LEADER | |
|---|---|
| fixed length control field | 08057nam a2200157Ia 4500 |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER | |
| International Standard Book Number | 1420061119 |
| 082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER | |
| Classification number | 333.79 |
| Item number | DOT |
| 100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Doty, Steve |
| 245 ## - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Commercial energy auditing reference handbook |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT) | |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. | Fairmont Press Inc. U.S.A. |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2008 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION | |
| Extent | xvii,454p. |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | CONTENTS Introduction xi To the Reader xiii User Guidexv Suggested References xvii SECTION I-SPECIFIC INFORMATION 1 1. Benchmarking 3 Differentiating by Energy Source 3 Energy Use Intensity 4 Limitations of EUI 4 Calculating EUI 4 Mixed EUI 5 Production EUI 5 Energy End Use Distribution 6 Energy Cost as a Percent of Total Operating Cost 6 Limitations of Using Benchmark Data 6 2. Analyzing Energy Use Graphs 9 Intuitive Information 9 Comparative Information 10 Weather Dependence 13 Load Factor Effect on Energy Cost 14 Business Volume (Production Rates) 16 Savings Opportunities 19 3. Energy Saving Opportunities by Business Type21 Apartment Buildings/Multi-Family/Dormitories 21 Churches/Worship 24 Data Centers 26 Education-Colleges and Universities 28 Education-Schools K-12 31 Food Sales-Grocery Stores 34 Health Care-Hospital 36 Health Care-Non Hospital 38 Laundries-Commercial 41 Libraries/Museums .42 Lodging/Hotels/Motels44 Office Buildings 47 Food Service 50 Retail/Sales53 Warehouses 56 Boilers 58 Chillers58 High Rise59 Pools 59 4. Manufacturing 63 Process Analysis 63 Example Manufacturing Process Flow Chart 65 Desire for Energy Use to Follow Production Rates 65 Primary Energy Use Sources 65 Production Scheduling 66 Maintenance66 Controls 66 Some Common ECMs for Manufacturing 67 5. ECMDescriptions73 ECM Descriptions - Envelope 73 ECM Descriptions - Lighting75 ECM Descriptions- HVAC 77 ECM Descriptions - Swimming Pools 93 ECM Descriptions - Heat Recovery 95 ECM Descriptions - Thermal Storage (TES) 99 ECM Descriptions - Electrical102 ECM Descriptions - Other 103 6. Utility Rate Components105 Electric 105 Gas109 7. Automatic Control Strategies111 Cost/Benefit Ratio for Control System ECMs 111 Control System Application Notes 113 Lighting Control Strategies - Basic113 HVAC Control Strategies- Basic114 Lighting Control Strategies - Advanced 127 HVAC Control Strategies- Advanced127 Other Control Sequences .l34 Other Ways to Leverage DDC Controls l35 8. Building Operations and Maintenance 137 Facility Repair costs 137 Maintenance Value 137 Poor Indoor Comfort and Indoor Air Quality Costs l37 Productivity Value l38 Maintenance Energy Benefits139 9. Quantifying Savings 153 Establishing the HVAC Load Profile 154 Load-Following Air and Water Flows vs. Constant Flow (VFD Benefit) 159 VAV System Fan Savings Reduction for Maintaining Downstream Pressure165 Supply Air Reset vs. Reheat - Constant Volume166 Supply Air Reset with VAV vs. Increased Fan Energyl67 Condenser Water Reset vs. Constant Temperature 176 Chilled Water Reset for Variable Pumping vs. Increased Pump Energy181 Water-Side Economizer vs. Chiller Cooling184 Higher Efficiency Lighting vs. Existing Lighting 193 Higher Efficiency Motors vs. Existing Motors196 Higher Efficiency Chiller vs. Existing Chiller.200 Higher Efficiency Boiler vs. Existing Boiler 201 Hot Water Reset From Outside Air vs. Constant Temperature 204 Reduce Air System Friction Losses - Constant Volume 208 Computer Modeling 210 Measurement and Verification (M&V) 212 10. Sustaining Savings .215 Tendency for initial savings to deteriorate 215 Maintaining initial savings215 Checklist for service access and operations 216 SECTION II-GENERAL INFORMATION219 11. Mechanical Systems 221 Relative Efficiency of Air Conditioning Systems 221 Glossary of Basic HVAC System Types 221 Water-Cooled vs. Air Cooled 224 Thermal Energy Transport Notes 224 Chillers 225 Part Load Chilled Water System Performance .228 Cooling Towers and Evaporative Fluid Coolers 232 Dry Coolers 234 Electronic Expansion Valves 234 Air and Water System Resistance 235 Fan/Pump Motor Work Equation 236 Fan and Pump Efficiencies, and Belt Drive Efficiencies 237 Fan and Pump Throttling Methods 238 Thermal Break-Even Concept for Buildings 239 Air-Side Economizer 240 Computer Room Air Conditioning (Data Center) 244 Cooling Energy Balance for Heat Producing Equipment .246 Humidifiers 246 Kitchen Grease Hoods (Type 2) 249 HeatPumps 250 Refrigeration Cycle 253 Evaporative Cooling 255 Spot Cooling 262 VAV Reheat Penalty 263 Glycol vs. Efficiency 263 Cost of Ventilation 267 Simultaneous Heating and Cooling .268 12. Motors and Electrical Information 269 Motor Efficiencies269 Voltage Imbalance 270 Sources of Electric Motor Losses 273 Power Factor Correction Capacity Quick Reference Chart 274 13. Combustion Equipment and Systems277 Cost of Steam 277 Range of Combustion Efficiency277 Combustion Efficiency Nomograph 278 Boiler Heating Output When Only Heating Surface Area is Known 279 Boiler Standby Heat Loss (Boiler Skin Loss) at Full Load 279 Estimated Losses from Boiler Short Cycling 280 Dampers and Boiler Isolation Valves 281 Estimated Savings of Steam System Improvement 284 14. Compressed Air 289 Estimated Savings of Compressed Air Improvements .289 15. Fan and Pump Drives293 Fan Drive Efficiency Comparison Diagram 293 Cog Belts Instead of Standard V-Belts .294 Variable Speed Drive Considerations 294 16. Lighting 297 Lighting terms 298 Dimming 298 Light Colored Surfaces 299 General Lighting Information 300 Typical Recommended Lighting Levels 302 Occupancy Sensor Energy Savings 304 17. Envelope Information 305 BLC Heat Loss Method 305 R-Value Reduction from Stud Walls306 Glazing Properties307 Infiltration 310 18. Water and Domestic Water Heating 311 Water Consumption for Water-Cooled Equipment 311 Slowdown vs. Cycles of Concentration311 Plumbing Water Points of Use 312 Domestic Water Heaters 312 Domestic Water Heater Stand By Losses313 19. Weather Data 315 Degree Days 315 Bin Weather Data 316 Weather by Days and Times317 20. Pollution and Greenhouse Gases 321 Emission Conversion Factors by Region321 Greenhouse Gas Relationship to Energy Use 321 Emissions from Burning Fossil Fuels 324 Pollution-conversion to Equivalent Number of Automobiles 325 Other Environmental Considerations326 21. Formulas and Conversions327 Common Energy Equations 327 Other Useful Formulas 337 Energy Conversion Factors 339 APPENDIX 341 Glossary of Terrns .341 Conflicting ECMs and 'Watch Guts'345 Types of Energy Audits348 Pressure-Temperature Charts for Refrigerants349 Cost Estimating-Accuracy Levels Defined 354 Simple Payback vs. Internal Rate of Return (IRR)355 Heat Loss from Uninsulated Hot Piping and Surfaces 358 Heat Loss from Insulated Piping358 Duct Fitting Loss Coefficients359 Evaporation Loss from Water in Heated Tanks 361 Bin Weather Data for 5 Cities (dry bulb) 362 Altitude Correction Factors at Different Temperatures 363 Energy Use Intensity (EUI)-per SF-by Function and Size 364 Energy Use Intensity (EUI)-per SF-by Function and Climate Zone 365 Energy Use Intensity (EUI)-per SF-by Function, Climate Zone and Size 365 Energy Use Intensity (EUI)-per SF-Measured at One Data Center 370 CBECS Climate Zone Map 370 Building Use Categories Denned (CBECS)371 Operating Expenses: Percent that are from Utility Costs 375 Energy Use Intensity (EUI)-per SF-for Some Manufacturing Operations 377 Energy Use Intensity (EUI)-in Production Units-Some Mfg. Operations 378 ASHRAE 90.1-Items Required for All Compliance Methods.379 Top 15 Emerging Technologies-2002 (DOE)384 HVAC Retrofits for the Three Worst Systems385 Service Life of Various System Components388 Equating Energy Savings to Profit Increase 390 Integrated Design Examples394 Energy Audit Approach for Commercial Buildings 395 Energy Audit Look-for Items397 Sample Pre-audit Customer Questionnaire401 Facility Guide Specification: Suggestions to Build in Energy Efficiency 418 ASHRAE Psychrometric Charts 1-5437 INDEX.443 |
| 650 ## - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Compressed air |
| -- | Buildings--Energy conservation |
| -- | Energy auditing |
| 890 ## - COUNTRY | |
| -- | United States |
| 891 ## - TOPIC | |
| -- | MIAD |
| Withdrawn status | Lost status | Damaged status | Not for loan | Collection code | Home library | Current library | Date acquired | Source of acquisition | Cost, normal purchase price | Total Checkouts | Total Renewals | Full call number | Barcode | Date last seen | Date checked out | Price effective from | Koha item type | Public note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CEPT Library | CEPT Library | 26/07/2010 | Books India | 4595.23 | 5 | 6 | 333.79 DOT | 006443 | 10/12/2018 | 26/10/2018 | 30/08/2013 | Book | Status:Catalogued;Bill No:43873 |