Strategies for railway waste management : a study of solid waste management by Indian railways (Also available on CD)
Ambily, P.
Strategies for railway waste management : a study of solid waste management by Indian railways (Also available on CD) - 2009 - xix,99,ivp,CD-ROM
CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1. BACKGROUND 1 1.2 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY 2 1.3 NEED FOR THE STUDY 2 1.4 AIM OF THE STUDY 2 1.5 OBJECTIVES 3 1.6 SCOPE/LIMITATIONS 3 1.7 ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK 3 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 4 2.1 CLEANLINESS AND SANITATION ON INDIAN RAILWAYS- A REVIEW OF CA&G AUDIT REPORT (2006-07) 4 2.1.1 PLANS AND POLICIES 4 2.1.1 INADEQUACY OF STANDARDS, ACTION PLANS AND NORMS ON CLEANLINESS 5 2.1.2 MULTIPLICITY OF DEPARTMENTS INVOLVED IN MAINTAINING CLEANLINESS 6 2.1.4 CLEANLINESS OF STATIONS 8 2.1.5 INADEQUACY OF INFRASTRUCTURE 8 2.1.6 INADEQUACY OF DUSTBINS 8 2.1.7 LACK OF A WASTE DISPOSAL SYSTEM 9 2.1.8 INEFFECTIVE MECHANIZATION 9 2.1.9 DEFICIENCIES IN MANPOWER MANAGEMENT 9 2.2 ANALYSIS 10 3. REVIEW OF POLICIES, PROGRAMS AND PLANS 11 3.2 RAILWAY BUDGET, 2008 11 3.3 THE ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR RAILWAYS, WORLD BANK 12 3.4 PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTICIPATION 12 4. INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES 13 4.2 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT BY JAPAN RAILWAYS 13 4.2.1 GENERATION OF WASTE 13 4.2.2 COLLECTION AND SEGREGATION 14 4.2.3 SOURCE WISE GENERATION OF WASTE 14 4.2.4 TREATMENT OF WASTE 15 4.2.5 RECYCLING OF WASTE FROM STATIONS AND TRAINS 15 4.2.6 RECYCLING OF TRAIN TICKETS AND COMMUTER PASSES 15 4.2.7 REDUCING CONSTRUCTION WASTE 16 4.2.8 RECYCLING ORGANIC WASTE 16 4.2.9 RECYCLING AT ROLLING STOCK CENTRES 17 4.2.10 ANALYSIS 18 4.3 RAIL TERMINAL RECYCLING- EUROSTAR & VIRGIN TRAINS, UNITED KINGDOM 19 4.3.1 RAIL WASTE 19 4.3.2 WASTE AUDIT 20 4.3.2.1 EUROSTAR OFFICE WASTE 21 4.3.3 RECOMMENDATIONS- TERMINAL RECYCLING PROJECT 24 4.4 INTEGRATE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR TRAINS, UNITED KINGDOM 25 4.4.1 THE TECHNOLOGY 25 4.4.2 ANALYSIS 25 4.5 RECYCLING OF RAIL WASTE- GERMANY 26 4.5.1 THE TECHNOLOGY 26 4.5.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMER SLEEPERS 26 5. WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN INDIAN RAILWAY TERMINALS- AN OVERVIEW 28 5.1 METHODOLOGY 28 5.1.1 WASTE GENERATION 29 5.1.2 WASTE MANAGEMENT 33 5.1.3 CASE STUDIES 35 5.1.3.1 SEGREGATION OF WASTE 37 5.1.4 PARTICIPANTS 39 5.1.4.1 RAILWAYS 39 5.1.5 PRIVATIZATION IN CLEANING 41 5.1.5.1 ISSUES RELATED WITH CLEANING CONTRACTS 45 6. CASE STUDY OF AHMEDABAD RAILWAY STATION, WESTERN RAILWAY 47 6.1 INTRODUCTION 47 6.2 BACK GROUND 47 6.3 SOLID WASTE GENERATION 48 6.3.1 NUMBER OF TRAINS 48 6.3.2 PASSENGERS COMMENCING THE JOURNEY FROM STATION 49 6.3.3 PASSENGERS ARRIVING/PASSING THROUGH THE STATION 49 6.3.4 WASTE COLLECTED FROM THE TRAINS 50 6.3.5 STABLE POPULATION 51 6.3.6 TOTAL SOLID WASTE GENERATION 51 6.3.7 STATION AREA AND FACILITIES 51 6.3.8 WASTE COMPOSITION AND CHARACTERISTICS 52 6.4 SYSTEMS OF MANAGEMENT 54 6.4.1 COLLECTION AND SEGREGATION 54 6.4.2 ISSUES RELATED WITH SYSTEM MANAGEMENT 58 6.4.3 CLEANING CONTRACT 59 6.4.3.1 MACHINERY 59 6.3.5 EXPENDITURE 61 6.3.6 ORGANIZATIONAL SETUP 62 6.4 KEY FINDINGS 63 7. EFFICACY OF DISCARD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THIRUVANANTHAPURAM STATION 64 7.1 BACK GROUND 64 7.2 STUDY TO IMPROVE DISCARD MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND POLICIES 64 7.2.1 SOLID WASTE GENERATION 64 7.2.2 SYSTEM MANAGEMENT 65 7.2.3 INFERENCES 67 8. FRAMEWORK FOR RAILWAY WASTE MANAGEMENT POLICY 68 8.1 GOAL 68 8.2 AIM 68 8.3 OBJECTIVES 68 8.4 LEGAL STATUS 69 8.5 SCOPE 69 8.5.1 SELECTING THE PLANNING AREA 69 8.6 IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF STRATEGIC OPTIONS 72 8.6.1 INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING 72 8.6.2 REDUCING WASTE AT SOURCE 76 8.6.3 WASTE COLLECTION AND SEGREGATION 78 8.6.4 MATERIAL RECOVERY AND RECYCLING 79 8.6.5 RECYCLING 80 8.6.6 TREATMENT 82 8.6.7 THE FINANCIAL POLICY FRAME WORK 83 8.7 WAY FORWARD 90 REFERENCES: 91
P TH-1075 / AMB
Strategies for railway waste management : a study of solid waste management by Indian railways (Also available on CD) - 2009 - xix,99,ivp,CD-ROM
CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1. BACKGROUND 1 1.2 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY 2 1.3 NEED FOR THE STUDY 2 1.4 AIM OF THE STUDY 2 1.5 OBJECTIVES 3 1.6 SCOPE/LIMITATIONS 3 1.7 ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK 3 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 4 2.1 CLEANLINESS AND SANITATION ON INDIAN RAILWAYS- A REVIEW OF CA&G AUDIT REPORT (2006-07) 4 2.1.1 PLANS AND POLICIES 4 2.1.1 INADEQUACY OF STANDARDS, ACTION PLANS AND NORMS ON CLEANLINESS 5 2.1.2 MULTIPLICITY OF DEPARTMENTS INVOLVED IN MAINTAINING CLEANLINESS 6 2.1.4 CLEANLINESS OF STATIONS 8 2.1.5 INADEQUACY OF INFRASTRUCTURE 8 2.1.6 INADEQUACY OF DUSTBINS 8 2.1.7 LACK OF A WASTE DISPOSAL SYSTEM 9 2.1.8 INEFFECTIVE MECHANIZATION 9 2.1.9 DEFICIENCIES IN MANPOWER MANAGEMENT 9 2.2 ANALYSIS 10 3. REVIEW OF POLICIES, PROGRAMS AND PLANS 11 3.2 RAILWAY BUDGET, 2008 11 3.3 THE ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR RAILWAYS, WORLD BANK 12 3.4 PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTICIPATION 12 4. INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES 13 4.2 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT BY JAPAN RAILWAYS 13 4.2.1 GENERATION OF WASTE 13 4.2.2 COLLECTION AND SEGREGATION 14 4.2.3 SOURCE WISE GENERATION OF WASTE 14 4.2.4 TREATMENT OF WASTE 15 4.2.5 RECYCLING OF WASTE FROM STATIONS AND TRAINS 15 4.2.6 RECYCLING OF TRAIN TICKETS AND COMMUTER PASSES 15 4.2.7 REDUCING CONSTRUCTION WASTE 16 4.2.8 RECYCLING ORGANIC WASTE 16 4.2.9 RECYCLING AT ROLLING STOCK CENTRES 17 4.2.10 ANALYSIS 18 4.3 RAIL TERMINAL RECYCLING- EUROSTAR & VIRGIN TRAINS, UNITED KINGDOM 19 4.3.1 RAIL WASTE 19 4.3.2 WASTE AUDIT 20 4.3.2.1 EUROSTAR OFFICE WASTE 21 4.3.3 RECOMMENDATIONS- TERMINAL RECYCLING PROJECT 24 4.4 INTEGRATE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR TRAINS, UNITED KINGDOM 25 4.4.1 THE TECHNOLOGY 25 4.4.2 ANALYSIS 25 4.5 RECYCLING OF RAIL WASTE- GERMANY 26 4.5.1 THE TECHNOLOGY 26 4.5.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMER SLEEPERS 26 5. WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN INDIAN RAILWAY TERMINALS- AN OVERVIEW 28 5.1 METHODOLOGY 28 5.1.1 WASTE GENERATION 29 5.1.2 WASTE MANAGEMENT 33 5.1.3 CASE STUDIES 35 5.1.3.1 SEGREGATION OF WASTE 37 5.1.4 PARTICIPANTS 39 5.1.4.1 RAILWAYS 39 5.1.5 PRIVATIZATION IN CLEANING 41 5.1.5.1 ISSUES RELATED WITH CLEANING CONTRACTS 45 6. CASE STUDY OF AHMEDABAD RAILWAY STATION, WESTERN RAILWAY 47 6.1 INTRODUCTION 47 6.2 BACK GROUND 47 6.3 SOLID WASTE GENERATION 48 6.3.1 NUMBER OF TRAINS 48 6.3.2 PASSENGERS COMMENCING THE JOURNEY FROM STATION 49 6.3.3 PASSENGERS ARRIVING/PASSING THROUGH THE STATION 49 6.3.4 WASTE COLLECTED FROM THE TRAINS 50 6.3.5 STABLE POPULATION 51 6.3.6 TOTAL SOLID WASTE GENERATION 51 6.3.7 STATION AREA AND FACILITIES 51 6.3.8 WASTE COMPOSITION AND CHARACTERISTICS 52 6.4 SYSTEMS OF MANAGEMENT 54 6.4.1 COLLECTION AND SEGREGATION 54 6.4.2 ISSUES RELATED WITH SYSTEM MANAGEMENT 58 6.4.3 CLEANING CONTRACT 59 6.4.3.1 MACHINERY 59 6.3.5 EXPENDITURE 61 6.3.6 ORGANIZATIONAL SETUP 62 6.4 KEY FINDINGS 63 7. EFFICACY OF DISCARD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THIRUVANANTHAPURAM STATION 64 7.1 BACK GROUND 64 7.2 STUDY TO IMPROVE DISCARD MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND POLICIES 64 7.2.1 SOLID WASTE GENERATION 64 7.2.2 SYSTEM MANAGEMENT 65 7.2.3 INFERENCES 67 8. FRAMEWORK FOR RAILWAY WASTE MANAGEMENT POLICY 68 8.1 GOAL 68 8.2 AIM 68 8.3 OBJECTIVES 68 8.4 LEGAL STATUS 69 8.5 SCOPE 69 8.5.1 SELECTING THE PLANNING AREA 69 8.6 IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF STRATEGIC OPTIONS 72 8.6.1 INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING 72 8.6.2 REDUCING WASTE AT SOURCE 76 8.6.3 WASTE COLLECTION AND SEGREGATION 78 8.6.4 MATERIAL RECOVERY AND RECYCLING 79 8.6.5 RECYCLING 80 8.6.6 TREATMENT 82 8.6.7 THE FINANCIAL POLICY FRAME WORK 83 8.7 WAY FORWARD 90 REFERENCES: 91
P TH-1075 / AMB