Post-independence changes in the house forms of the Ashtamudi lake region Kerala, India (Softcopy is also available)
Kumar, Manoj K. (DP0509)
Post-independence changes in the house forms of the Ashtamudi lake region Kerala, India (Softcopy is also available) - 2015 - xxiii,325p.
CONTENTS
Certificate of original authorship i
Certificate of Dissertation Advisor’s consent iii
Acknowledgments v
Abstract xi
List of figures xiii
List of tables xxi
List of plates xxi
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Outline of the research1
1.2 Brief introduction to the traditional built form of Kerala.3
1.3 Establishing the need for the study and discussion
on the previous works on the topic and establishing
the lacunae that prompted this research 9
1.3.1 Literature review 11
1.4 The Ashtamudi Lake region 12
1.4.1 Location and area.13
1.4.2 Physical setting14
1.4.3 Hydrology.15
1.4.4 Biodiversity15
1.4.5 Settlements 15
1.5 Aim of the study16
1.5.1 Objectives17
1.6 Scope and Limitations17
1.7 Data sources.19
1.8 Organization of the report.20
2. METHODOLOGY AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 21
2.1 Introduction 21
2.2 Conceptual and methodological issues 23
2.3 Methodology 26
2.3.1 Analytical framework for the study.26
2.3.1.1 Hillier and Hanson analysis method – space syntax (1984) 29
2.3.1.2 The Typo-Morphology analysis 30
2.3.1.3 Vernacular matrix 31
2.3.1.4 Socio-cultural spatial theory..32
2.3.1.5 Henny Coolen and Ritsuk Ozaki (2004).34
2.3.2 The process 35
2.3.2.1 Initial identification of typologies 36
2.4 Summary with details of the analysis 38
3. THE CONTEXT..40
3.1 Defining Kerala state: the geographic identity40
3.1.1 The terrain.42
3.1.1.1 The Ashtamudi lake region.43
3.1.2 Climate43
3.2 Historical and contextual development 44
3.3 The emergence of house forms: A brief 49
3.4 Contextual explanation: The formative factors .50
3.4.1 Cultural setting 50
3.4.2 Caste system 51
3.4.2.1 Main castes in Kerala : A short description 52
3.4.2.1.1 Namboodiris.52
3.4.2.1.2 Kshatriyas.53
3.4.2.1.3 Nairs 53
3.4.2.1.4 Ezhavas or Tiyyas 54
3.4.2.1.5 Other castes (non-caste) 54
3.4.3 Family system.55
3.4.4 Occupation 56
3.4.5 Education57
3.5 Kerala : An introduction to the region and its architecture.58
3.6 Perceptions of built form 63
3.7 Inter-relation of built form and spaces.65
3.8 Summary.68
4. EVOLUTION OF THE HOUSE FORMS IN KERALA 69
4.1 Introduction.69
4.2 Evolution of the settlement structure 71
4.3 Evolution of the dwelling place72
4.3.1 The domestic models and influences 73
4.4 The emergence of house forms and related spaces.74
4.4.1 The house form and society 77
4.4.2 The house form and climatology78
4.4.3 The house form and caste 79
4.5 The vernacular (popular) house 82
4.6 The vernacular (classical) house.83
4.7 The nalukettu and the single aaroodam (ottathai) house.84
4.7.1 The plan and the proportions 87
4.8 The internal and external elements (configuration).88
4.8.1 The internal and external spaces and its associated qualities 89
4.9 The evolution of the house form with respect to time: A suggestive
structure 92
4.10Summary.93
5. THE ROOF AND THE PLAN FORM:
A GEOMETRICAL ANALYSIS.97
5.1 Introduction.97
5.2 The pre-existing plan-roof forms and its evolution..97
5.3 The roof.102
5.3.1 Components of the roof..104
5.3.2 The plan: a detailed description106
5.4 The plan and the roof-inter relation and its development 108
5.5 Establishing the relation of the plan form and the roof
and its complexity109
5.5.1 The core and the periphery111
5.6 The core and its extensions 111
5.7 Plan form and functional spaces.117
5.8 The functions’ spaces and variations117
5.9 The transformation of the roof and the plan form 118
5.10Summarry 119
5.10.1 Geometry and Roof121
5.10.2 Changing Roof 122
6. THE HOUSE FORM OF THE REGION: AN ANALYSIS 123
6.1 Introduction 123
6.2 Study area delineation124
6.3 Case identification127
6.4 Documentation 128
6.5 Typological categorization128
6.6 Geometrical analysis129
6.6.1 Plan.129
6.6.2 Roof130
6.6.3 Complexity131
6.6.4 Degree of complexity and the variables133
Spatial structure analysis
6.7 Analysis with respect to the time frame (1947-2012) 138
6.8 Functional space analysis 139
6.9 A summary of the observation based on analysis of functional space
(fs) and inter relations (r) from case studies 147
6.10Categorization based on materials and technology used for construction150
6.11Typo morphological analysis151
6.11.1 Identification of typologies155
6.12The typological evolution and the characteristic features168
6.13A discussion on the façade 171
6.14Summary173
7. THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SPACES176
7.1 Introduction176
7.2 Analysis based on vernacular matrix176
7.3 A discussion on the socio-cultural aspects of the house form198
7.4 Summary 202
8. TRANSFORMATION 203
8.1 Introduction203
8.2 Independence and transformation204
8.2.1 Major events that influenced the transformation204
8.3 Reasons for transformation206
8.4 Transformation of settlements 211
8.5 Summary214
9. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 216
9.1 Evolution of the settlement structure.217
9.2 Development and the house form: Kerala state218
9.3 Frame work to analyze the house form219
9.4 Conclusion221
9.5 Concluding remarks 230
9.6 Epilogue.232
9.7 Contribution of this research234
Glossary235
Appendix 242
Bibliography 306
Ph.D. TH-0061 / KUM
Post-independence changes in the house forms of the Ashtamudi lake region Kerala, India (Softcopy is also available) - 2015 - xxiii,325p.
CONTENTS
Certificate of original authorship i
Certificate of Dissertation Advisor’s consent iii
Acknowledgments v
Abstract xi
List of figures xiii
List of tables xxi
List of plates xxi
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Outline of the research1
1.2 Brief introduction to the traditional built form of Kerala.3
1.3 Establishing the need for the study and discussion
on the previous works on the topic and establishing
the lacunae that prompted this research 9
1.3.1 Literature review 11
1.4 The Ashtamudi Lake region 12
1.4.1 Location and area.13
1.4.2 Physical setting14
1.4.3 Hydrology.15
1.4.4 Biodiversity15
1.4.5 Settlements 15
1.5 Aim of the study16
1.5.1 Objectives17
1.6 Scope and Limitations17
1.7 Data sources.19
1.8 Organization of the report.20
2. METHODOLOGY AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 21
2.1 Introduction 21
2.2 Conceptual and methodological issues 23
2.3 Methodology 26
2.3.1 Analytical framework for the study.26
2.3.1.1 Hillier and Hanson analysis method – space syntax (1984) 29
2.3.1.2 The Typo-Morphology analysis 30
2.3.1.3 Vernacular matrix 31
2.3.1.4 Socio-cultural spatial theory..32
2.3.1.5 Henny Coolen and Ritsuk Ozaki (2004).34
2.3.2 The process 35
2.3.2.1 Initial identification of typologies 36
2.4 Summary with details of the analysis 38
3. THE CONTEXT..40
3.1 Defining Kerala state: the geographic identity40
3.1.1 The terrain.42
3.1.1.1 The Ashtamudi lake region.43
3.1.2 Climate43
3.2 Historical and contextual development 44
3.3 The emergence of house forms: A brief 49
3.4 Contextual explanation: The formative factors .50
3.4.1 Cultural setting 50
3.4.2 Caste system 51
3.4.2.1 Main castes in Kerala : A short description 52
3.4.2.1.1 Namboodiris.52
3.4.2.1.2 Kshatriyas.53
3.4.2.1.3 Nairs 53
3.4.2.1.4 Ezhavas or Tiyyas 54
3.4.2.1.5 Other castes (non-caste) 54
3.4.3 Family system.55
3.4.4 Occupation 56
3.4.5 Education57
3.5 Kerala : An introduction to the region and its architecture.58
3.6 Perceptions of built form 63
3.7 Inter-relation of built form and spaces.65
3.8 Summary.68
4. EVOLUTION OF THE HOUSE FORMS IN KERALA 69
4.1 Introduction.69
4.2 Evolution of the settlement structure 71
4.3 Evolution of the dwelling place72
4.3.1 The domestic models and influences 73
4.4 The emergence of house forms and related spaces.74
4.4.1 The house form and society 77
4.4.2 The house form and climatology78
4.4.3 The house form and caste 79
4.5 The vernacular (popular) house 82
4.6 The vernacular (classical) house.83
4.7 The nalukettu and the single aaroodam (ottathai) house.84
4.7.1 The plan and the proportions 87
4.8 The internal and external elements (configuration).88
4.8.1 The internal and external spaces and its associated qualities 89
4.9 The evolution of the house form with respect to time: A suggestive
structure 92
4.10Summary.93
5. THE ROOF AND THE PLAN FORM:
A GEOMETRICAL ANALYSIS.97
5.1 Introduction.97
5.2 The pre-existing plan-roof forms and its evolution..97
5.3 The roof.102
5.3.1 Components of the roof..104
5.3.2 The plan: a detailed description106
5.4 The plan and the roof-inter relation and its development 108
5.5 Establishing the relation of the plan form and the roof
and its complexity109
5.5.1 The core and the periphery111
5.6 The core and its extensions 111
5.7 Plan form and functional spaces.117
5.8 The functions’ spaces and variations117
5.9 The transformation of the roof and the plan form 118
5.10Summarry 119
5.10.1 Geometry and Roof121
5.10.2 Changing Roof 122
6. THE HOUSE FORM OF THE REGION: AN ANALYSIS 123
6.1 Introduction 123
6.2 Study area delineation124
6.3 Case identification127
6.4 Documentation 128
6.5 Typological categorization128
6.6 Geometrical analysis129
6.6.1 Plan.129
6.6.2 Roof130
6.6.3 Complexity131
6.6.4 Degree of complexity and the variables133
Spatial structure analysis
6.7 Analysis with respect to the time frame (1947-2012) 138
6.8 Functional space analysis 139
6.9 A summary of the observation based on analysis of functional space
(fs) and inter relations (r) from case studies 147
6.10Categorization based on materials and technology used for construction150
6.11Typo morphological analysis151
6.11.1 Identification of typologies155
6.12The typological evolution and the characteristic features168
6.13A discussion on the façade 171
6.14Summary173
7. THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SPACES176
7.1 Introduction176
7.2 Analysis based on vernacular matrix176
7.3 A discussion on the socio-cultural aspects of the house form198
7.4 Summary 202
8. TRANSFORMATION 203
8.1 Introduction203
8.2 Independence and transformation204
8.2.1 Major events that influenced the transformation204
8.3 Reasons for transformation206
8.4 Transformation of settlements 211
8.5 Summary214
9. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 216
9.1 Evolution of the settlement structure.217
9.2 Development and the house form: Kerala state218
9.3 Frame work to analyze the house form219
9.4 Conclusion221
9.5 Concluding remarks 230
9.6 Epilogue.232
9.7 Contribution of this research234
Glossary235
Appendix 242
Bibliography 306
Ph.D. TH-0061 / KUM