Statistics without tears :
Rowntree, Derek
Statistics without tears : an introduction for non-mathematicians - New Delhi Penguin Books India (P) Ltd. 2000 - 195,xp.
CONTENTS
Introduction 9
How to use this book 10
1.Statistical inquiry 13
Making sense of experience 14
What is statistics? 17
Descriptive and inferential statistics 19
Collecting a sample 23
2.Describing our sample 28
Statistical variables 28
Error, accuracy and approximations 35
3.Summarizing our data 38
Tables and diagrams 38 Central tendency {averages) 48
Measures of dispersion 50
4.The shape of a distribution 57
Skewed distributions 58 Introducing the normal distribution 64
Proportions under the normal curve 72
Comparing values 79
5.From sample to population 82
Estimates and inferences 82
The logic of sampling 86
A distribution of sample-means 87
Estimating the population-mean 94
Estimating other parameters 99
6.Comparing samples 102
From the same or different populations 102
Significance testing 107
The significance of significance 116
Comparing dispersions 122
Non-parametric methods 124
7.Further matters of significance 128
One- versus two-tailed tests 129
z-tests and t-tests 139
Comparing several means 141
Comparing proportions 15O
8.Analysing relationships 156
Paired values 156
Three kinds of correlation 160
The strength of a correlation 161
The significance of a correlation coefficient 164
Interpreting a correlation coefficient 169
Prediction and regression 176
Postscript 185
Review 186 Caution 188
Further Reading 191
Index 193
9780140136326
519 / ROW
Statistics without tears : an introduction for non-mathematicians - New Delhi Penguin Books India (P) Ltd. 2000 - 195,xp.
CONTENTS
Introduction 9
How to use this book 10
1.Statistical inquiry 13
Making sense of experience 14
What is statistics? 17
Descriptive and inferential statistics 19
Collecting a sample 23
2.Describing our sample 28
Statistical variables 28
Error, accuracy and approximations 35
3.Summarizing our data 38
Tables and diagrams 38 Central tendency {averages) 48
Measures of dispersion 50
4.The shape of a distribution 57
Skewed distributions 58 Introducing the normal distribution 64
Proportions under the normal curve 72
Comparing values 79
5.From sample to population 82
Estimates and inferences 82
The logic of sampling 86
A distribution of sample-means 87
Estimating the population-mean 94
Estimating other parameters 99
6.Comparing samples 102
From the same or different populations 102
Significance testing 107
The significance of significance 116
Comparing dispersions 122
Non-parametric methods 124
7.Further matters of significance 128
One- versus two-tailed tests 129
z-tests and t-tests 139
Comparing several means 141
Comparing proportions 15O
8.Analysing relationships 156
Paired values 156
Three kinds of correlation 160
The strength of a correlation 161
The significance of a correlation coefficient 164
Interpreting a correlation coefficient 169
Prediction and regression 176
Postscript 185
Review 186 Caution 188
Further Reading 191
Index 193
9780140136326
519 / ROW