Technology in architecture
Makakli, Elif Suyuk
Technology in architecture the role and impact of technology on architecture - Germany LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing 2012 - ii,vii,137,ip.
Acknowledgements iii
Abstract iv
PART 1. ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY 1
1.1. The Relationship between Architecture and Technology 1
1.2. The Impact of materials-related innovations 3
1.3. Technology and Aesthetics 10
PART 2. THE EVOLUTION OF THE TALL BUILDINGS 12
2.1. Introduction 12
2.2. The Emergence of Tall Buildings 15
2.3. The Historical Overview 16
2.3.1. Early Development of the Skyscrapers- The 1 st Skyscraper Period 16
2.3.2. Skyscrapers in the Early 20th Century- The 2nd Skyscraper Period 22
2.3.3. Skyscrapers and Modernism -The Third Skyscraper Period 26
2.4. Structural Developments 30
2.4.1. Diagrid Structural Systems 32
2.5. Contemporary Design Strategies and New Forms 35
2.5.1. Twisted Forms 37
2.5.2. Free Forms 38
PART 3. SUSTAINABLE DESIGN APPROACH 40
3.1. The History of the Sustainable Design Approach 40
3.2. Tall Buildings and Sustainability 41
3.3. The Renewable Sources of Energy 46
3.3.1. Solar Energy-Photovoltaics 46
3.3.2. Wind Energy 50
3.3.3. Fuel Cells 51
PART 4. SMART MATERIALS 53
4.1 Type I Materials 53
4.2. Type II Materials 54
4.3. Sensors 56
4.4. Electrochromic Smart Windows and Dynamic Process 56
PART 5. NANOTECHNOLOGY 63
5.1. Introduction 63
5.2. Definition 64
5.3. History and Development 65
5.4.Nanomaterials 70
5.4.1. Nanoscale in one Dimension 71
5.4.1.1.Thin films& Coatings 71
5.4.2. Nanoscale in Two Dimensions 72
5.4.2.1. Carbon Nanotubes 72
5.4.3. Nanoscale in Three Dimensions 74
5.4.3.1. Nanoparticles 74
5.4.3.2. Quantum Dots 75
5.4.3.3. Fullerenes/Buckyballs 76
5.5. Nanofabrication 78
5.6. Application Areas 79
5.6.1. Energy Industry 81
5.6.2. Automotive Industry 83
5.6.3. Aerospace Industry 84
5.6.4. Textile Industry 87
PART 6. ARCHITECTURE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 88
6.1. Nano-Engineered Materials 90
6.1.1. Applications of Carbon Nanotubes 91
6.2 Nanotechnology and Coatings 92
6.2.1. Self-Cleaning Glass 95
6.2.2. Different Surface Treatment with Nanocoating Solutions 97
6.3. Nano Insulation 100
6.4. The Near Future of Nanotechnology 101
6.5. The Far Future of Nanotechnology 109
CONCLUSION 113
Appendix I 115
Appendix II 116
Appendix III 117
Appendix IV 118
Appendix V 119
List of Figures 120
References 127
9783843373210
720.105 / MAK
Technology in architecture the role and impact of technology on architecture - Germany LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing 2012 - ii,vii,137,ip.
Acknowledgements iii
Abstract iv
PART 1. ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY 1
1.1. The Relationship between Architecture and Technology 1
1.2. The Impact of materials-related innovations 3
1.3. Technology and Aesthetics 10
PART 2. THE EVOLUTION OF THE TALL BUILDINGS 12
2.1. Introduction 12
2.2. The Emergence of Tall Buildings 15
2.3. The Historical Overview 16
2.3.1. Early Development of the Skyscrapers- The 1 st Skyscraper Period 16
2.3.2. Skyscrapers in the Early 20th Century- The 2nd Skyscraper Period 22
2.3.3. Skyscrapers and Modernism -The Third Skyscraper Period 26
2.4. Structural Developments 30
2.4.1. Diagrid Structural Systems 32
2.5. Contemporary Design Strategies and New Forms 35
2.5.1. Twisted Forms 37
2.5.2. Free Forms 38
PART 3. SUSTAINABLE DESIGN APPROACH 40
3.1. The History of the Sustainable Design Approach 40
3.2. Tall Buildings and Sustainability 41
3.3. The Renewable Sources of Energy 46
3.3.1. Solar Energy-Photovoltaics 46
3.3.2. Wind Energy 50
3.3.3. Fuel Cells 51
PART 4. SMART MATERIALS 53
4.1 Type I Materials 53
4.2. Type II Materials 54
4.3. Sensors 56
4.4. Electrochromic Smart Windows and Dynamic Process 56
PART 5. NANOTECHNOLOGY 63
5.1. Introduction 63
5.2. Definition 64
5.3. History and Development 65
5.4.Nanomaterials 70
5.4.1. Nanoscale in one Dimension 71
5.4.1.1.Thin films& Coatings 71
5.4.2. Nanoscale in Two Dimensions 72
5.4.2.1. Carbon Nanotubes 72
5.4.3. Nanoscale in Three Dimensions 74
5.4.3.1. Nanoparticles 74
5.4.3.2. Quantum Dots 75
5.4.3.3. Fullerenes/Buckyballs 76
5.5. Nanofabrication 78
5.6. Application Areas 79
5.6.1. Energy Industry 81
5.6.2. Automotive Industry 83
5.6.3. Aerospace Industry 84
5.6.4. Textile Industry 87
PART 6. ARCHITECTURE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 88
6.1. Nano-Engineered Materials 90
6.1.1. Applications of Carbon Nanotubes 91
6.2 Nanotechnology and Coatings 92
6.2.1. Self-Cleaning Glass 95
6.2.2. Different Surface Treatment with Nanocoating Solutions 97
6.3. Nano Insulation 100
6.4. The Near Future of Nanotechnology 101
6.5. The Far Future of Nanotechnology 109
CONCLUSION 113
Appendix I 115
Appendix II 116
Appendix III 117
Appendix IV 118
Appendix V 119
List of Figures 120
References 127
9783843373210
720.105 / MAK