Structures and architecture
Cruz, Paulo J. S.
Structures and architecture new concepts, applications and challenges - London Taylor & Francis Group 2013 - xxvi,678p. CD Rom
CONTENTS
Preface xxi
Conference organization xxiii
Non financial sponsors xxv
KEYNOTE LECTURES
A facade roadmap 3
U. Knaack
Pier Luigi Nervi: Architecture as challenge 7
M.A. Chiorino & C. Chiorino
The great counterintuitive: Re-evaluating historic and contemporary building
construction for earthquake collapse prevention 11
R. Langenbach
Emilio Perez Piriero: Inventor of deployability 17
F. Escrig
TECHNICAL CONTRIBUTIONS Mini-symposia & special sessions
Modern renaissance timber construction
Merging seismic and fire design of timber buildings and potential and limitations on going 23
B. Kasal, D. Kruse, N. Riither & T. Polocoser
Status of Cross-laminated Timber construction in North-America 25
S. Gagnon & E. Karacabeyli
A review on seismic response of timber frames 27
H. Stamatopoulos & K.A. Malo
Investigation of seismic performance of multi-storey timber buildings withinthe framework of the SERIES project 29
M. Piazza & R. Tomasi
Seismic design of CUT buildings: Definition of the suitable q-factor by numerical and experimental procedures 31
L. Pozza, D. Trutalli, A. Polastri & A. Ceccotti
Seismic design of timber buildings with a direct displacement-based design method 33
C. Loss, M. Piazza & D. Zonta
Behaviour of moment connections in timber frameworks 35
A. Polastri, R. Tomasi, M. Piazza & I. Smith
Seismic performance assessment of a timber log house 37
J.M. Branco, C. Aranha & P.B. Lourenco
Better than steel? (Part 2): Tall wooden factories and the invention of "slow-burning"heavy timber construction 39
R. Langenbach
Performance-based design for mid-rise wood constructions in Canada 41
C. Dagenais, S. Gagnon & R. Desjardins
Predicting force flows in timber light-frame building superstructures 43
G Doudak & I. Smith
Is cross-laminated timber suitable for building structures to thirty levels? 45
J.B. Chapman
Wind design of timber buildings 47
/. Zisis & T. Stathopoulos
Design concepts and principles for tall multi-storey superstructures incorporating timber frameworks 49
I. Smith
Vibrations of timber floor beams with end restraints 51
K.A. Malo&J. Kohler
Behavior of dowel-type timber connections under cyclic loading 55
S. Zhang, W. Wang, C. Huang &W.Wu
Design and production of a heavy timber reaction frame for a laboratory test setup 57
M. Andreolli, P. Grossi, T. Sartori & R. Tomasi
Glulam structures: Some Portuguese case studies 59
A.O. Feio, P.J.S. Cruz & A. Pinto
On the "tectonics" in architecture—between aesthetics and ethics Shells—Innovation system design by Ildefonso Sanchez (1898-1980) 63
P. Cassinello
The DNA of the avant-gardes 65
L.E. Mayo
Conceptual design of a pedestrian bridge by means of topology optimization 67
L. Frattari, J.P. Dagg & G. Leoni
The nature of tectonic architecture and structural design 69
A. Carter, P.H. Kirkegaard & R. Tyrrell
Construction and form-finding of a post-formed timber grid-shell 71
S. Pone, S. Colabella, B. Parenti, D. Lancia, A. Fiore, B. D'Amico, F. Portioli,
R. Landolfo, M. D'Aniello & C. Ceraldi
Felix Candela between philosophy and engineering: The meaning of shape 73
M. Savorra & G. Fabbrocino
The recovery of the ethic of constructions: PL. Nervi vs. S. Musmeci, two structural conceptions compared 75
P. Trovalusci & A. Tinelli
Tensegrity tectonics: Structural concept and architectural expression 77
K.A. Liapi
The Nervi system: Between complexity and ethic 79
T. lori & S. Poretti
The school of bridges in Venice: Teaching bridge design in a
University of Architecture 81
A. Zanchettin, E. Siviero & E. Reccia
Structural glass: Crossing borders
Double skin facades made of glass—aspects of structural design and static analysis 85
B. Siebert
Boosting European education on structural glass: COST action TU0905
training school 87
J. Belts, C. Louter, J. Neugebauer & J. Schneider
Glass structures, from theory to practice 89
N. Emami
Evaluation of the SLG method for applications with adhesive point-fixings 91
J. Dispersyn, K. Calleyl & J. Belts
Influence of various factors to mechanical properties of glued joint in glass 93
K. Machalicka & M. Eliasova
Cones made of glass for a new entrance of a museum 95
J.Neugebauer Analytic models of adhesively bonded steel-glass beams97
T. Fremr, M. Netusil & M.Eliasova Building integrated photovoltaic—new developments 99
G. Siebert & B. Siebert
Stress corrosion parameters for glass with different edge finishing 101
M. Vandebroek, C. Louter, J. Dispersyn, D. Sonck & J. Belis
Exploratory experimental investigations on post-tensioned structural glass beams 105
C. Louter, J.H. Nielsen & J. Belis
Experimental investigations and numerical modeling of point-fitted glass panes 107
M. Tibolt, O. Hechler & C. Odenbreit
Reinforced glass connection—concept, test and detail 111
P.L. Carvalho, P.J.S. Cruz &F.A. Veer
From open structures to the cladding of control: A critical call for current tectonic
theories and practices in architecture
Structural cladding/clad structures: Studies in tectonic building practice
A. Beim 115
Tectonics of montage: Architectural positions for a tectonic sustainable building practice 117
C. Bundgaard
Wallpaper & tectonics—a critical discussion of the state of the architectural discipline 119
M.F. Hvejsel & P.H. Kirkegaard
Architectural assemblages and materializations—changing notions of tectonics
and materiality in contemporary architecture 121
F. Nilsson
From new tools and methods towards new tasks and ideals: The impact of technology and science in the post-war era
The architecture of absence: Building, landscape and the changing character
of technology in the post-war era 125
C.P.C. Cabral
New French architectural treatises for a new kind of public architecture 127
E. Man in The development of architectural concrete in Belgium during the 1960s and 1970s 129
S. Van de Voorde
Working relationships between architects and structural engineers: World War II to the 1970s 131
D. T. Yeomans
Finnish architect-engineer cooperation on concrete and shell structures
in the 1950s and 1960s 133
A. Niskanen
Innovation in reciprocal structures
Reciprocal systems based on planar elements 137
O. Baverel & A. Pugnale
Reciprocal-frame structures—a digital design instrument 139
U. Thonnissen
The proposal of an ancient technique for modern construction: A stone reciprocal structure 141 M. Brocato & L. Mondardini
Efficient design and fabrication of free-form reciprocal structures 143
D. Parigi &P.H. Kirkegaard
Static and kinematic formulation of planar reciprocal assemblies 145
D. Parigi & PH. Kirkegaard
Innovation in timber
Wood structures—versatility and innovation 149
F. Jensen
Cross-laminated timber: A key material for the future of structural design 151
M. Nevada
Cross-laminated timber: Driving forces and innovation 153
A. Folk
The wooden cooling tower 155
E. Nozhova
MonaLisa Wood Pavilion: Poplar plywood 157
G. Callegari, M. Sassone, A. Spinelli & R. Zanuttini
Robustness issues for design of innovative timber structures 161
F. Hold, P.H. Kirkegaard &J.D. Serensen
Principles in practice for the analysis, conservation and structural restoration of architectural heritage
The ISCARSAH principles in practice 165
S.J. Kelley
The building and its structural history (or how the history is the sourceof endless technical knowledge) 167
M.M.S. Lagunes
Master Builders' design skills in diagnosing the failures 169
G. Arun
Physical evaluation of the endless column 171
R.A. Sofronie
Structural evaluation of Kilitbahir castle in Canakkale, Turkey 175
A. Turer
Dismantling of foundation system for conservation of masonry structures
in Angkor, Cambodia 177
Y. Iwasaki, Y. Akazawa, M. Fukuda, J. Nakazawa, K. Nakagawa, I. Shimoda & T. Nakagawa
General contributions
Building envelopes
Life cycle assessment of Irish residential buildings and typical building envelope analysis 183
A. Armstrong & J. Goggins
Proposals for intervention in obsolete building envelopes in Andalusia 185
M. Molina-Huelva, J.M. Rincon-Calderon & P. Fernandez-Ans
Integrated design applied in thermal retrofitting solutions for residential buildings 187
A. Ciutina, V. Ungureanu, D. Dubina & D. M. Grecea
Modificated plastic materials for a new generation of architecture 189
T. Ries
Isostatic lines' study to optimize steel space grid envelope structures for tall buildings according to their solicitations 191
R. Senis
Balconies, analysis of constructive technology current state and foresight of new industrial development 193
L. Sierra &J.L. Zamora
Expanded cork as building envelope—architectonic and technological aspects 195
P.Sousa&P.J.S. Cruz
Computer and digital design tools
Modular construction systems for freeform architecture 199
S. Schafer, J. Reising, S. Abedini & A. Ljubas
Seismic rehabilitation of RC structures—case study: Educational building with GF + 4 storey height regime 201
M.C. Calin, D. lordan & C.S. Dragomir
Thicker funicular: Particle-spring systems for variable-depth form-responding compression-only structures 205
B. Clifford
Architectural feedback in the structural optimization process 207
J. Felkner, E. Chatzi & T. Kotnik
Multimodal structural optimization for conceptual design 209
K. Martini
Investigating a new material practice 211
M. Tamke, P. Nicholas, P. Ayres & M.R. Thomsen
Study of the sensitivity of different building structures to tunneling induced settlements 213
C Molins & C. Camos
Multi-objective optimization of concrete shells 217
T. Mendez Echenagucia, M. Sassone & A. Pugnale
Structures for quality and quantity of natural light in architecture 219
S. Bica, I. M. Cristutiu & O. Micsa
Performance assessment of mixed CFRP retrofitting solution for RC slabs 221
S. C. Floruf, V. Stoian, T. Nagy-Gyorgy, D. Dan & D. Diaconu
The use of unconventional reinforcements in structures—design aspects 223
K. Jaafar
Comprehension and complex forms
The dynamic phraseology of structures: Enabling the design of complex systems 227
T.M. Boake
Railway stations between infrastructural complexity and architectural form 229
E. Conticelli & S. Tondelli
Structural analysis of the Curators' Lab Arena—an impressive ephemeral timber structure 231 P.J.S. Cruz&A.O. Feio
Tessellation of Islamic star patterns on complex forms 233
M.C. Fernandez-Cabo & A. Casas-Perez
Parametric design and non-linear analysis of a large-scale deployable roof structure based on action origami 235
T.R. Gentry, D. Baerlecken, M. Swarts & N. Wonoto
Diagrids for design and construction of freeform tall buildings 237
K.S. Moon
Outrigger structures for twisted, tilted and tapered tall buildings 239
K. S. Moon
Discretization solutions for the construction of free form complex surface structures 241
H. Giles & A. Berk
Architectural topology parametrically defined by digital manufacturing 243
M. G. del Valle Lajas &J.A. Diaz
Virtual reality as a multidisciplinary communication tool 247
L. Houck, R. Hassan, T.K. Thiis & K. Solheim
Structural form as ornament 249
R.A. Oprifa
Concrete and masonry structures
Reinforced concrete in the early 20th century: The search for a form language for the material 255
M.B. Dan
Technology of thin shells in the German baroque 257
V. Compdn, M. Camara & J. Sanchez
Control of conservation works for architectural heritage buildings by microseismic
recordings and structural analysis 259
C.S. Dragomir, A. Du(u, C.S. Dragomir & E.S. Georgescu
"Reticolatus": An innovative reinforcement for irregular masonry—a numeric model 261
M. Paradiso, S. Galassi, A. Borri & D. Sinicropi
Study to evaluate the characteristics of masonry for "Stirbey family chapel"to retrofit the structure 263
C.-L. Matei&R.-C. Matei
A critical assessment of concrete and masonry structures for reconstruction after
seismic events in developing countries 265
H. McWilliams & C.T. Griffin
Funicular forms and earthquake performance of low-strength masonry buildings 269
S. Rihal & J. Edmisten
Load-bearing capacity of corroded reinforced concrete joists 271
J. Vercher, E. Gil & A. Mas
Determination of residual load-bearing capacity of existing masonry structures 273
J. Witzany, T. Cejka & R. Zigler
Structural behaviour of masonry buildings subjected to landslide: Load path
method approach 275
F. Palmisano & A. Elia
Fabric formed concrete structures and architectural elements 277
R.F. Pedreschi
Application of the operational modal analysis method for the control
of the intervention in the Roman Theatre (Cadiz, Spain) 279
P. Pachon, E. Rodriguez-Mayorga, J.F. Jimenez, V. Compdn, A. Saez & E. Yanes
An approach to patents of prestressed concrete in 20th century architecture 281
M.P.L. Zurdo, J.A. Diaz & M. de Miguel Sanchez
Historical concrete structures in Romania and Italy: Exchange in building and conservation 283 M.B. Dan & C.O. Gociman
Emerging technologies
Monitoring the recovery of the architectural heritage287
P.O. Simal, E.L. Rodriguez, E.L. Burlo&J.L. Diaz
The role of spontaneous construction for post-disaster housing 289
D. Felix, A.O. Feio, J.M. Branco &J.S. Machado
Comparing the embodied energy of structural systems in parking garages 291
C. T. Griffin, L. Bynum, A. Green, S. Marandyuk, J. Namgung, A. Burkhardt & M. Hoffman
Bridge design 2.0: Developments in the field of integrated, sustainable and durable bridge design 293 J. Smits
Earth architecture: Ancient and new methods for durability improvement 265
R. Eires, A. Camdes & S. Jalali Daylight in interiors 297
L. Janeckova & D. Bosova
Innovative architectural and structural design
Design of adaptive structures by kinematic synthesis of mechanisms 301
Y. Akgtin, F. Maden & K. Korkmaz
Prestressing, technique and innovation in the 1950-1975 architecture 303
J.A. Diaz
Diagrid structures—innovation and detailing 305
T.M. Boake
Housing industrialization, success and failure, universal and local: Limits for housing globalization 307
A.L. Correia, V. Murtinho & L.S. da Silva
Innovative architectural and structural design to preserve historical centers 309
D. Felix, A. O. Few, J.M. Branco & J.S. Machado
Sustainable design of a multistory welded steel structure located in a seismic area 311
M. Georgescu, V. Ungureanu & M. Szitar
Concepts for a movable bridge 313
J. Holowaty
Partial dismantling of 1960s to 80s housing estates—a sustainable holistic solution 315
S. Huuhka
Design of reconfigurable doubly-curved canopy structure 317
F. Maden, K. Korkmaz & Y. Akgtin
Natural structures and innovative design 319
N.O. Nawari & A.M. Gutierrez
A new building system: Structural aspects of COTaCERO system 321
J.P. Valcarcel, V. Hermo & J.B.R. Cheda
Hybrid structures: A case of a pedestrian bridge 323
T. Sophocleous, M. C. Phocas & A. Michael
Reciprocal structures in architectural shaping of floors and roofs 325
M. Piekarski
Origami based, deployable disaster relief shelter 327
S. Rihal
Three-hinged structures in a historical perspective 329
L. Slivnik
"Floating Roofs": The Dorton Arena and the development of modern tension roofs 331
T.S. Sprague
Dynamic design of slender footbridges 333
E. Caetano & A. Cunha
Deployable stage: Proposal of an application with mobile structures 335
N. Torres
Naturwall©—timber multifunctional systems in refurbishment sustainable process 337
A. Spinelli & G. Callegari
Multi-objective search in the early phase of architectural design 341
T. Mendez Echenagucia, M. Sassone, P. A. Croset & A. Astolfi
Using the laser scanning technology in the rehabilitation of existing buildings 343
S. Pescari, D. Dan & V. Stoian
Computational morphogenesis in architecture: Structure and light as a multi-objective design/optimization problem 345
A. Liuti, A. Pugnale & A. Erioli
Form structure integration 347
E. Mele & M. Toreno
Mass-customized architectural design approach: Evaluation and a proposal
based on fractal geometry principles 349
M. Asefi & F. Fakourian
The legacy of the Modern Movement and its adversities in the face of the current development of changeable housing construction solutions 351
H.J.V. Ferreira, L.S. da Silva & V. Murtinho
Nature-inspired structural optimization of freeform shells 353
F. Waitner, R. La Magna & J. Knippers
An innovative proposal for a deployable shading system 355
M. Asefi, E.E. Salari, Sh. Valadi&Gh. Kouchenani
Interdisciplinary work and educating architects and structural engineers Hybrid architecture: Coupling structural understanding and architectural education 359
R. Balbo, T. Kocaturk & A. Veliz
Cultivating the next generation of architects through pattern of structural systems 361
M.P. Callahan & IK. Chang
Teaching seismic and wind subjects to architecture students 363
I.K. Chang, M.P. Callahan, P. Lu, H. Y. Chan & S. Luong
Embracing the past: Using historical structures to teach engineering fundamentals 365
R.J. Dermody
Design engineer construct: Building large scale structures 367
K. Dong & J. Feldman
The interdisciplinary design studio—identifying collaboration 369
K. Dong, J. Doerfler & T. Fowler
Constructing by creative re-use of unexpected materials 371
PL. Carvalho & P.J.S. Cruz
Understanding the interplay between structure and architecture using
Building Information Modeling (BIM) 373
N.O. Nawari
Force material form—transferring historical construction concepts into contemporary architectural design 375
M. Rinke & J. Schwartz
Numerical models of a beam belonging to a tall building: Errors and approximations within ordinary design 377
L. Sgambi, N. Basso, R. Pavani, E. Civelli, C.D. Meroni & M. Pagin
Conceptual structural design: An important topic in architectural education 379
L. Sgambi, N. Basso & M. E. Codazzi
The advantage of full-size construction as an educational tool
in architecture education 381
J. Stem, B. O. Braaten, B. Manum, P. Aalto & A. Gilberg
Found in translation: Physical models as a structural design tool for architects 383
Th. Vilquin
Reframing structures: Frame experimentation in artistic studies 385
Vrouwe & B. Pak
Aesthetics in the education of civil and structural engineers 387
J.M. Songel
Lightweight and membrane structures
Fold here: Optimizing a disaster relief shelter with prototypes 391
R.M. Arens &E.P. Saliklis
Deployable membrane structures: Design proposal for the scissors-type system 393
O. F. Avellaneda & R. Sastre
Innovative solutions for ultra-lightweight textile shelters covering archaeological sites 395
A. Zanelli, E. Rosina, R. Maffei, G. Carra & P. Beccarelli
Tree like structures and fractals 397
J. S. Sanchez, F. Escrig &T.R. Lean
Lightweight architecture: Characteristics for an effective application in case of emergency 399
R. Maffei, A. Zanelli & P. Beccarelli
Minimal-surface-T-connections in architecture 401
G.H. Filz
Spaceplates Building System 405
A. Romme, I. S0rvin & A. Bagger
Qualitative investigation: Efficiency of a membrane roof project 407
E.F. Nunes, J.B.M. de Sousa Jr., A.M.S. de Freitas & B. Baier
"Corogami Hut" case study 409
C. Wiebe
Surface- and mesh-based approaches towards a materialization of architectural catenoids 411
G.H. Filz, S. Schiefer & Th. Stecher
Temporary reticulated membrane at PS1 415
P.O. Endres
Special structures
Shapes and behavior of triangular grid structures: Current trends in architecture of the 21st century 419
E.G. Meza&J.A. Diaz
Elevated pedestrian ways in Japan: A historical view 421
H. Isohata
Building on planet Mars student project 423
A. Nussbaumer, P. Zurbruegg, S. Erkman & T. Besson
Adaptable hybrid steel structures: Kinetic modeling and simulation study 425
M. Matheou, M. C. Phocas & E. G. Christoforou
Analysis of Portadas de Feria subjected to wind loads incorporating nonlinearity of the guys 427
M. T. Rodriguez-Leon, J. S. Sanchez & F. Escrig
Foundation Louis Vuitton: Exploring new structural typologies 429
A.M.B. Geli &M.P. Sendra
Steel and composite structures
Specificity of shaping light gauge steel shells 433
J. Abramczyk
Numerical analysis of sliding rigid beam-column joints made from encased tubes
for high-rise structures 435
A. A. Vails, A. A. Puigcerver & J.M. Carreras
Experimental and theoretical analysis of bridges with encased filler beams 437
V. Kvocak, R. Vargova & P. Beke
Shear connection of composite steel and concrete bridge trusses 439
M. Charvat & J. Machacek
Experimental study on steel-concrete shear walls with steel encased profiles retrofitted
with FRP composites 441
D. Dan, A. Fabian, V. Stoian & T. Nagy-Gyorgy
The re-use of disassembled steel structures between architectural design
and environmental sustainability 443
M. Pongiglione, C. Calderini & A. Giachetta
Theoretical and experimental studies on composite steel-concrete structural shear walls with steel encased profiles 445
A. Fabian, V. Stoian & D. Dan
Analysis of composite section columns under axial compression and biaxialbending moments 447
E. Fenollosa & I. Cabrera
Great steel structures: The Italian post-war trial 451
M. Zordan & F. Fragnoli
Required performance level of an existing building for over roofing 453
Zs. Nagy & M. Cristufiu
Innovative conception and design of structural systems for flexible floor spaces 455
C. Odenbreit, O. Hechler & M. Braun
Double curved aluminum façade 459
K. Najjar
Comparing the seismic performance of concentrically braced frames with and without self-centering behavior 461
G.J. O'Reilly&J. Goggins
Efficient solution for large motorways composite bridges 463
E. Petzek, L. Toma & E. Mete§
Technical solutions for rehabilitation of old arch bridges 465
E. Petzek, L. Toma & R. Bancila
Reconversion process of an old building into a modern commercial center 467
Zs. Nagy & M. Cristutiu
Adapting a historic truss viaduct to modern requirements 469
J. Holowaty
Structural solutions for emergency architecture 471
T. Otilia-Alexandra & G.D. Mihai
The borderline between architecture and structural engineering
The challenges of structure in today's architectural, economic and social context 475
A.B. Larena &J.B. Larena
Conceptural planning by the structural engineer 477
A. Gianoli
Alpexpo building by Jean Prouve in Grenoble: The specific issue of the suspended façade 479
A. Coste & C. Blachot
Great light spans: Geometry and simple structural behaviour—2nd half of the 20th century 481 V.A. Garcia &J.A. Diaz
Structure and architecture: The illogical results of considering them two separated
entities, after the 2009 earthquake in L'Aquila 483
C. Bartolomucci
A concrete prefabricated attic 485
C. Bocan
The importance of engineers in the development of modern Spanish architecture:
Alejandro de la Sola's industrial architecture 487
M.C Gonzalez & A.S. Estrela
Architecture and engineering in the new leaning towers 489
M. Camara, V. Compan & J. Sdnchez
Structure as architectural system 491
B. Corotis & A. Daringa
Closing the gap while celebrating the divide: Tools for A/E collaborative learning 493
M.K. Donofrio
A multi-performance comparison of long-span structural systems 495
C. T. Griffin, E. Douville, B. Thompson & M. Hoffman
Timber framed masonry buildings, an earthquake resistance influenced architecture 497
A. Dufu, J.G. Ferreira & C.S. Dragomir
Homeostatic patterns 499
A. Erioli, C. Giacobazzi & G. Castellazzi
The architecture of the fall: Metamorphosis of structure in the work
of Enric Miralles (1988-1997) 501
J.M. Rovira & C.B. Garcia
The role of architectural theory in exploiting the potential of iron load-bearing structures 503 M. V. Hdrfa
The interaction of architects and structural engineers for the Hellenic World Complex
in Athens 505
E.S. Kyriazis
A structural language for a conceptual design collaboration 507
L. Luyten
Engineers and the role of structures in architecture 509
B. Manum & D. Nilsen
On the extension of graphical statics into the 3rd dimension 511
M. Schrems & T. Kotnik
Configuration design for collective housing building structure—IFD systems configuration 513 J. Nikolic
Architectural taming of infrastructure: Interaction architect—structural engineers 515
R Tarczewski & P. Ogielski
Infrastructures and environmental impact: The synergy of architectural and structural design 517 M. Pasca
New species of structures 519
J. Perez-Herreras
The disappearance of the structural analysis barrier: The Sydney Opera House from a
contemporary perspective 523
J.R. Key
The role of structures in daylighting retrofits for existing buildings 525
M. Sedor, C. T. Griffin & K. Konis
Built environment sustainability—breaking the borderlines between architects
and civil engineers 527
M.A. Szitar, T.O. Gheorghiu & D.M. Grecea
Examining the architectural engineer 529
M.S. Uihlein
Traditional and scientific knowledge for a sustainable vulnerability reduction
of rural housing in Haiti 531
A. Caimi, H. Guillaud, O. Moles, F. Vieux-Champagne, P. Gamier, S. Grange,
Y. Sieffert & L. Daudeville
Experimental tests on steel members with variable I welded section 533
I.M. Cristutiu & D.L. Nunes
The evolutionary process of built heritage influenced by the
architecture/engineering borderline decisions5 535
A. Tavares, A. Costa & H. Varum
Confrontation between building and ground: Notions of force and gravity
in the work of Joao Vilanova Artigas 537
L. Borgonovi e Silva & T. Kotnik
Structuring geometry and abstraction of structures in architectural synthesis 539
Dz. Bijedic, R. Cahtarevic & S. Halilovic
Design of the Brasilia TV Tower 541
E.B.C. Azambuja & J.M.M. Sanchez
Energy efficiency upgrading, architectural restyling and structural retrofit
of modern buildings by means of "engineered" double skin façade 545
F. Feroldi, A. Marini, B. Badiani, G.A. Plizzari, E. Giuriani, A. Belleri & P. Riva
Structural assessment of heritage architecture 547
M. Holicky & M. Sykora
Structure and architecture in the design studio 551
P.D. Endres & C. Wetzel
Can collaboration within multidisciplinary teamwork be explained using
Belbins theory?—a case study 553
A. S. Dederichs & J. Karlshoj
Interaction of shape and structural performance: Design of structures using
methods of structural optimization 555
/. Lochner
The history of the relationship between architects and structural engineers
Pier Luigi Nervi in the United States: The height and decline of a master builder 561
A. Bologna & G. Neri
Domenico Parma and Guillermo Gonzalez Zuleta: A story of challenges,
innovation and development of concrete architecture in Colombia 563
E. C. Cortes & A. Primmer
Supporting modern architecture: Sources for the Matosinhos Market structural design 567
J.P. Delgado & P.T. Pinto
Structure impact on architectural form of multi-storey factory buildings
of industrial revolution 571
T. Senberger & J. Hoficka
Memories of Mario: The best structures professor I never knew 573
D.J. Oakley
Prefabrication and standardization: Arne Jacobsen's contribution 575
Y.O. Sanz
From construct to type—the transformation of constituents in the development of trusses 579 M. Rinke & T. Kotnik
Architect and engineer: The collaboration of Louis I. Kahn and August E. Komendant 581
H. Rodriguez-Camilloni
What is a steel construction? 583
F.R. Rosenberg
Between Le Due and Merimee. Talking about Vezelay 585
A.R.M. de la Plata, J.A. Diaz & P.C. Franco
Systems of rationalization: New methods and changes of organization in Swedish
building construction around 1970 587
E. Sigge
The architect/structural engineer relationship—a symmetrical symbiosis 589
R.A. Oprifa
Structural engineering for timber and steel-timber trusses in Italy (1800-1950) 593
E. Zamperini
"Arup calling": The engineering gets to Paris—Centre George Pompidou (1971-77) 595
M. Comba
Significant pioneers of engineer—architect collaboration in the twentieth century 597
A.J. Macdonald
Steel skeleton and terra cotta skin: Engineering and architecture of the Chicago
stock exchange by Adler and Sullivan 599
M.A. Chiuini
The structural engineer: Finding the philosophy of the profession 601
M.S. Uihlein
Anatomy of structures 603
F.H. Selmani
The tectonic of architectural solutions
AgwA architecture office: Study cases on structure and architecture 607
H. Fallen & B. Vandenbukke
Viljo Revell: Tectonic structures 609
J.J.F. Fores
The Tectonic meaning in Le Corbusier's architecture the case of Le Cabanon 611
F. Hakonsen
Mies' early American work and the Tectonic bond between architecture and structure 613
R.S. Aviles
Alternative affordable housing through simulated 3D architectural tectonic:
V3 Residence, Putrajaya 615
R. Ab. Rahman & A. A. Dzaharudin
Tectonics or reinforced concrete and timber and earthquake vulnerability 617
M.B. Dan
Combining shape grammars and BIM in the rehabilitation design process
of the bourgeois house of Oporto: The research progress 619
E. Coimbra & V. Riso
AgwA architecture office: Addressing structure in architecture competitions 621
H. Fallen & B. Vandenbukke
Towards an improved architectural quality in contemporary architecture 623
C. Kristensen & P.H. Kirkegaard
The use of new materials
Agricultural residues applications in contemporary building industry 627
H. Dahy & J. Knippers
The finishing touch for better energy efficiency of episodically used masonry wall single family houses 629
S. T. Djambova & O. Simov Light, colour, form and surface 631
C. Eckhardt
How to build the future with limited and finite resources? 633
Y. Sieffert, D. Daudon & J.-M. Huygen
Thermal and energy refurbishment of university buildings using phase
change materials 635
L.N. Gomes, M.S. Rodrigues, R.S. Vicente &T.R. Silva
Cement-bonded particleboards of modified composition with alternative raw sources utilization 637
T. Melichar & J. Bydiovsky
Timber structures
Connections loaded perpendicular to grain—analysis of the failure behavior
and design approach 641
B. Franke & R Quenneville
Contribution to the fire resistance of timber construction using boards 645
M. Dufkova & P. Kuklik
Low cost construction: State of the art and prospects for using structure
wood apartment buildings in Portugal 647
M. Oliveira, J.P. Couto, P. Mendonfa, J.M. Branco, M. Silva & A.P. Reis
Embodied information in structural timber 649
E. Jannasch
Convertible city: Light wood prefab systems in the extension of built environment 651
A. Spinelli
Analysis of the elasto-plastic failure behavior of wood under compression 653
S. Franks
Fire-resistance analysis of a novel wood-concrete composite deck 657
R. Meena, M. Schollmayer & S. Hehl
Optimized generation of non-standard wood structures based on native irregular components 659
V. Monier, G. Duchanois & J-C. Bignon
Development of prefabricated timber-concrete composite floors 661
P. Nechanicky & P. Kuklik
Barriers to the design and use of cross-laminated timber structures
in high-rise multi-family housing in the United States 663
J. Schmidt & C.T. Griffin
A modular timber construction system made with ribbed-box
or rather hollow-box elements 665
5. Franke & R. Hausammann
The Roman timber framework, a neglected construction method 667
X. Laumain
The behavior of toothed-plate connectors under reversed cyclic loading 669
E. Tuhkanen & K. Oiger
On seismic response of retrofitted wooden house by collapsing process analysis 671
T. Takatani & H. Nishikawa
Author index 675
9780415661959
624.1762 / CRU
Structures and architecture new concepts, applications and challenges - London Taylor & Francis Group 2013 - xxvi,678p. CD Rom
CONTENTS
Preface xxi
Conference organization xxiii
Non financial sponsors xxv
KEYNOTE LECTURES
A facade roadmap 3
U. Knaack
Pier Luigi Nervi: Architecture as challenge 7
M.A. Chiorino & C. Chiorino
The great counterintuitive: Re-evaluating historic and contemporary building
construction for earthquake collapse prevention 11
R. Langenbach
Emilio Perez Piriero: Inventor of deployability 17
F. Escrig
TECHNICAL CONTRIBUTIONS Mini-symposia & special sessions
Modern renaissance timber construction
Merging seismic and fire design of timber buildings and potential and limitations on going 23
B. Kasal, D. Kruse, N. Riither & T. Polocoser
Status of Cross-laminated Timber construction in North-America 25
S. Gagnon & E. Karacabeyli
A review on seismic response of timber frames 27
H. Stamatopoulos & K.A. Malo
Investigation of seismic performance of multi-storey timber buildings withinthe framework of the SERIES project 29
M. Piazza & R. Tomasi
Seismic design of CUT buildings: Definition of the suitable q-factor by numerical and experimental procedures 31
L. Pozza, D. Trutalli, A. Polastri & A. Ceccotti
Seismic design of timber buildings with a direct displacement-based design method 33
C. Loss, M. Piazza & D. Zonta
Behaviour of moment connections in timber frameworks 35
A. Polastri, R. Tomasi, M. Piazza & I. Smith
Seismic performance assessment of a timber log house 37
J.M. Branco, C. Aranha & P.B. Lourenco
Better than steel? (Part 2): Tall wooden factories and the invention of "slow-burning"heavy timber construction 39
R. Langenbach
Performance-based design for mid-rise wood constructions in Canada 41
C. Dagenais, S. Gagnon & R. Desjardins
Predicting force flows in timber light-frame building superstructures 43
G Doudak & I. Smith
Is cross-laminated timber suitable for building structures to thirty levels? 45
J.B. Chapman
Wind design of timber buildings 47
/. Zisis & T. Stathopoulos
Design concepts and principles for tall multi-storey superstructures incorporating timber frameworks 49
I. Smith
Vibrations of timber floor beams with end restraints 51
K.A. Malo&J. Kohler
Behavior of dowel-type timber connections under cyclic loading 55
S. Zhang, W. Wang, C. Huang &W.Wu
Design and production of a heavy timber reaction frame for a laboratory test setup 57
M. Andreolli, P. Grossi, T. Sartori & R. Tomasi
Glulam structures: Some Portuguese case studies 59
A.O. Feio, P.J.S. Cruz & A. Pinto
On the "tectonics" in architecture—between aesthetics and ethics Shells—Innovation system design by Ildefonso Sanchez (1898-1980) 63
P. Cassinello
The DNA of the avant-gardes 65
L.E. Mayo
Conceptual design of a pedestrian bridge by means of topology optimization 67
L. Frattari, J.P. Dagg & G. Leoni
The nature of tectonic architecture and structural design 69
A. Carter, P.H. Kirkegaard & R. Tyrrell
Construction and form-finding of a post-formed timber grid-shell 71
S. Pone, S. Colabella, B. Parenti, D. Lancia, A. Fiore, B. D'Amico, F. Portioli,
R. Landolfo, M. D'Aniello & C. Ceraldi
Felix Candela between philosophy and engineering: The meaning of shape 73
M. Savorra & G. Fabbrocino
The recovery of the ethic of constructions: PL. Nervi vs. S. Musmeci, two structural conceptions compared 75
P. Trovalusci & A. Tinelli
Tensegrity tectonics: Structural concept and architectural expression 77
K.A. Liapi
The Nervi system: Between complexity and ethic 79
T. lori & S. Poretti
The school of bridges in Venice: Teaching bridge design in a
University of Architecture 81
A. Zanchettin, E. Siviero & E. Reccia
Structural glass: Crossing borders
Double skin facades made of glass—aspects of structural design and static analysis 85
B. Siebert
Boosting European education on structural glass: COST action TU0905
training school 87
J. Belts, C. Louter, J. Neugebauer & J. Schneider
Glass structures, from theory to practice 89
N. Emami
Evaluation of the SLG method for applications with adhesive point-fixings 91
J. Dispersyn, K. Calleyl & J. Belts
Influence of various factors to mechanical properties of glued joint in glass 93
K. Machalicka & M. Eliasova
Cones made of glass for a new entrance of a museum 95
J.Neugebauer Analytic models of adhesively bonded steel-glass beams97
T. Fremr, M. Netusil & M.Eliasova Building integrated photovoltaic—new developments 99
G. Siebert & B. Siebert
Stress corrosion parameters for glass with different edge finishing 101
M. Vandebroek, C. Louter, J. Dispersyn, D. Sonck & J. Belis
Exploratory experimental investigations on post-tensioned structural glass beams 105
C. Louter, J.H. Nielsen & J. Belis
Experimental investigations and numerical modeling of point-fitted glass panes 107
M. Tibolt, O. Hechler & C. Odenbreit
Reinforced glass connection—concept, test and detail 111
P.L. Carvalho, P.J.S. Cruz &F.A. Veer
From open structures to the cladding of control: A critical call for current tectonic
theories and practices in architecture
Structural cladding/clad structures: Studies in tectonic building practice
A. Beim 115
Tectonics of montage: Architectural positions for a tectonic sustainable building practice 117
C. Bundgaard
Wallpaper & tectonics—a critical discussion of the state of the architectural discipline 119
M.F. Hvejsel & P.H. Kirkegaard
Architectural assemblages and materializations—changing notions of tectonics
and materiality in contemporary architecture 121
F. Nilsson
From new tools and methods towards new tasks and ideals: The impact of technology and science in the post-war era
The architecture of absence: Building, landscape and the changing character
of technology in the post-war era 125
C.P.C. Cabral
New French architectural treatises for a new kind of public architecture 127
E. Man in The development of architectural concrete in Belgium during the 1960s and 1970s 129
S. Van de Voorde
Working relationships between architects and structural engineers: World War II to the 1970s 131
D. T. Yeomans
Finnish architect-engineer cooperation on concrete and shell structures
in the 1950s and 1960s 133
A. Niskanen
Innovation in reciprocal structures
Reciprocal systems based on planar elements 137
O. Baverel & A. Pugnale
Reciprocal-frame structures—a digital design instrument 139
U. Thonnissen
The proposal of an ancient technique for modern construction: A stone reciprocal structure 141 M. Brocato & L. Mondardini
Efficient design and fabrication of free-form reciprocal structures 143
D. Parigi &P.H. Kirkegaard
Static and kinematic formulation of planar reciprocal assemblies 145
D. Parigi & PH. Kirkegaard
Innovation in timber
Wood structures—versatility and innovation 149
F. Jensen
Cross-laminated timber: A key material for the future of structural design 151
M. Nevada
Cross-laminated timber: Driving forces and innovation 153
A. Folk
The wooden cooling tower 155
E. Nozhova
MonaLisa Wood Pavilion: Poplar plywood 157
G. Callegari, M. Sassone, A. Spinelli & R. Zanuttini
Robustness issues for design of innovative timber structures 161
F. Hold, P.H. Kirkegaard &J.D. Serensen
Principles in practice for the analysis, conservation and structural restoration of architectural heritage
The ISCARSAH principles in practice 165
S.J. Kelley
The building and its structural history (or how the history is the sourceof endless technical knowledge) 167
M.M.S. Lagunes
Master Builders' design skills in diagnosing the failures 169
G. Arun
Physical evaluation of the endless column 171
R.A. Sofronie
Structural evaluation of Kilitbahir castle in Canakkale, Turkey 175
A. Turer
Dismantling of foundation system for conservation of masonry structures
in Angkor, Cambodia 177
Y. Iwasaki, Y. Akazawa, M. Fukuda, J. Nakazawa, K. Nakagawa, I. Shimoda & T. Nakagawa
General contributions
Building envelopes
Life cycle assessment of Irish residential buildings and typical building envelope analysis 183
A. Armstrong & J. Goggins
Proposals for intervention in obsolete building envelopes in Andalusia 185
M. Molina-Huelva, J.M. Rincon-Calderon & P. Fernandez-Ans
Integrated design applied in thermal retrofitting solutions for residential buildings 187
A. Ciutina, V. Ungureanu, D. Dubina & D. M. Grecea
Modificated plastic materials for a new generation of architecture 189
T. Ries
Isostatic lines' study to optimize steel space grid envelope structures for tall buildings according to their solicitations 191
R. Senis
Balconies, analysis of constructive technology current state and foresight of new industrial development 193
L. Sierra &J.L. Zamora
Expanded cork as building envelope—architectonic and technological aspects 195
P.Sousa&P.J.S. Cruz
Computer and digital design tools
Modular construction systems for freeform architecture 199
S. Schafer, J. Reising, S. Abedini & A. Ljubas
Seismic rehabilitation of RC structures—case study: Educational building with GF + 4 storey height regime 201
M.C. Calin, D. lordan & C.S. Dragomir
Thicker funicular: Particle-spring systems for variable-depth form-responding compression-only structures 205
B. Clifford
Architectural feedback in the structural optimization process 207
J. Felkner, E. Chatzi & T. Kotnik
Multimodal structural optimization for conceptual design 209
K. Martini
Investigating a new material practice 211
M. Tamke, P. Nicholas, P. Ayres & M.R. Thomsen
Study of the sensitivity of different building structures to tunneling induced settlements 213
C Molins & C. Camos
Multi-objective optimization of concrete shells 217
T. Mendez Echenagucia, M. Sassone & A. Pugnale
Structures for quality and quantity of natural light in architecture 219
S. Bica, I. M. Cristutiu & O. Micsa
Performance assessment of mixed CFRP retrofitting solution for RC slabs 221
S. C. Floruf, V. Stoian, T. Nagy-Gyorgy, D. Dan & D. Diaconu
The use of unconventional reinforcements in structures—design aspects 223
K. Jaafar
Comprehension and complex forms
The dynamic phraseology of structures: Enabling the design of complex systems 227
T.M. Boake
Railway stations between infrastructural complexity and architectural form 229
E. Conticelli & S. Tondelli
Structural analysis of the Curators' Lab Arena—an impressive ephemeral timber structure 231 P.J.S. Cruz&A.O. Feio
Tessellation of Islamic star patterns on complex forms 233
M.C. Fernandez-Cabo & A. Casas-Perez
Parametric design and non-linear analysis of a large-scale deployable roof structure based on action origami 235
T.R. Gentry, D. Baerlecken, M. Swarts & N. Wonoto
Diagrids for design and construction of freeform tall buildings 237
K.S. Moon
Outrigger structures for twisted, tilted and tapered tall buildings 239
K. S. Moon
Discretization solutions for the construction of free form complex surface structures 241
H. Giles & A. Berk
Architectural topology parametrically defined by digital manufacturing 243
M. G. del Valle Lajas &J.A. Diaz
Virtual reality as a multidisciplinary communication tool 247
L. Houck, R. Hassan, T.K. Thiis & K. Solheim
Structural form as ornament 249
R.A. Oprifa
Concrete and masonry structures
Reinforced concrete in the early 20th century: The search for a form language for the material 255
M.B. Dan
Technology of thin shells in the German baroque 257
V. Compdn, M. Camara & J. Sanchez
Control of conservation works for architectural heritage buildings by microseismic
recordings and structural analysis 259
C.S. Dragomir, A. Du(u, C.S. Dragomir & E.S. Georgescu
"Reticolatus": An innovative reinforcement for irregular masonry—a numeric model 261
M. Paradiso, S. Galassi, A. Borri & D. Sinicropi
Study to evaluate the characteristics of masonry for "Stirbey family chapel"to retrofit the structure 263
C.-L. Matei&R.-C. Matei
A critical assessment of concrete and masonry structures for reconstruction after
seismic events in developing countries 265
H. McWilliams & C.T. Griffin
Funicular forms and earthquake performance of low-strength masonry buildings 269
S. Rihal & J. Edmisten
Load-bearing capacity of corroded reinforced concrete joists 271
J. Vercher, E. Gil & A. Mas
Determination of residual load-bearing capacity of existing masonry structures 273
J. Witzany, T. Cejka & R. Zigler
Structural behaviour of masonry buildings subjected to landslide: Load path
method approach 275
F. Palmisano & A. Elia
Fabric formed concrete structures and architectural elements 277
R.F. Pedreschi
Application of the operational modal analysis method for the control
of the intervention in the Roman Theatre (Cadiz, Spain) 279
P. Pachon, E. Rodriguez-Mayorga, J.F. Jimenez, V. Compdn, A. Saez & E. Yanes
An approach to patents of prestressed concrete in 20th century architecture 281
M.P.L. Zurdo, J.A. Diaz & M. de Miguel Sanchez
Historical concrete structures in Romania and Italy: Exchange in building and conservation 283 M.B. Dan & C.O. Gociman
Emerging technologies
Monitoring the recovery of the architectural heritage287
P.O. Simal, E.L. Rodriguez, E.L. Burlo&J.L. Diaz
The role of spontaneous construction for post-disaster housing 289
D. Felix, A.O. Feio, J.M. Branco &J.S. Machado
Comparing the embodied energy of structural systems in parking garages 291
C. T. Griffin, L. Bynum, A. Green, S. Marandyuk, J. Namgung, A. Burkhardt & M. Hoffman
Bridge design 2.0: Developments in the field of integrated, sustainable and durable bridge design 293 J. Smits
Earth architecture: Ancient and new methods for durability improvement 265
R. Eires, A. Camdes & S. Jalali Daylight in interiors 297
L. Janeckova & D. Bosova
Innovative architectural and structural design
Design of adaptive structures by kinematic synthesis of mechanisms 301
Y. Akgtin, F. Maden & K. Korkmaz
Prestressing, technique and innovation in the 1950-1975 architecture 303
J.A. Diaz
Diagrid structures—innovation and detailing 305
T.M. Boake
Housing industrialization, success and failure, universal and local: Limits for housing globalization 307
A.L. Correia, V. Murtinho & L.S. da Silva
Innovative architectural and structural design to preserve historical centers 309
D. Felix, A. O. Few, J.M. Branco & J.S. Machado
Sustainable design of a multistory welded steel structure located in a seismic area 311
M. Georgescu, V. Ungureanu & M. Szitar
Concepts for a movable bridge 313
J. Holowaty
Partial dismantling of 1960s to 80s housing estates—a sustainable holistic solution 315
S. Huuhka
Design of reconfigurable doubly-curved canopy structure 317
F. Maden, K. Korkmaz & Y. Akgtin
Natural structures and innovative design 319
N.O. Nawari & A.M. Gutierrez
A new building system: Structural aspects of COTaCERO system 321
J.P. Valcarcel, V. Hermo & J.B.R. Cheda
Hybrid structures: A case of a pedestrian bridge 323
T. Sophocleous, M. C. Phocas & A. Michael
Reciprocal structures in architectural shaping of floors and roofs 325
M. Piekarski
Origami based, deployable disaster relief shelter 327
S. Rihal
Three-hinged structures in a historical perspective 329
L. Slivnik
"Floating Roofs": The Dorton Arena and the development of modern tension roofs 331
T.S. Sprague
Dynamic design of slender footbridges 333
E. Caetano & A. Cunha
Deployable stage: Proposal of an application with mobile structures 335
N. Torres
Naturwall©—timber multifunctional systems in refurbishment sustainable process 337
A. Spinelli & G. Callegari
Multi-objective search in the early phase of architectural design 341
T. Mendez Echenagucia, M. Sassone, P. A. Croset & A. Astolfi
Using the laser scanning technology in the rehabilitation of existing buildings 343
S. Pescari, D. Dan & V. Stoian
Computational morphogenesis in architecture: Structure and light as a multi-objective design/optimization problem 345
A. Liuti, A. Pugnale & A. Erioli
Form structure integration 347
E. Mele & M. Toreno
Mass-customized architectural design approach: Evaluation and a proposal
based on fractal geometry principles 349
M. Asefi & F. Fakourian
The legacy of the Modern Movement and its adversities in the face of the current development of changeable housing construction solutions 351
H.J.V. Ferreira, L.S. da Silva & V. Murtinho
Nature-inspired structural optimization of freeform shells 353
F. Waitner, R. La Magna & J. Knippers
An innovative proposal for a deployable shading system 355
M. Asefi, E.E. Salari, Sh. Valadi&Gh. Kouchenani
Interdisciplinary work and educating architects and structural engineers Hybrid architecture: Coupling structural understanding and architectural education 359
R. Balbo, T. Kocaturk & A. Veliz
Cultivating the next generation of architects through pattern of structural systems 361
M.P. Callahan & IK. Chang
Teaching seismic and wind subjects to architecture students 363
I.K. Chang, M.P. Callahan, P. Lu, H. Y. Chan & S. Luong
Embracing the past: Using historical structures to teach engineering fundamentals 365
R.J. Dermody
Design engineer construct: Building large scale structures 367
K. Dong & J. Feldman
The interdisciplinary design studio—identifying collaboration 369
K. Dong, J. Doerfler & T. Fowler
Constructing by creative re-use of unexpected materials 371
PL. Carvalho & P.J.S. Cruz
Understanding the interplay between structure and architecture using
Building Information Modeling (BIM) 373
N.O. Nawari
Force material form—transferring historical construction concepts into contemporary architectural design 375
M. Rinke & J. Schwartz
Numerical models of a beam belonging to a tall building: Errors and approximations within ordinary design 377
L. Sgambi, N. Basso, R. Pavani, E. Civelli, C.D. Meroni & M. Pagin
Conceptual structural design: An important topic in architectural education 379
L. Sgambi, N. Basso & M. E. Codazzi
The advantage of full-size construction as an educational tool
in architecture education 381
J. Stem, B. O. Braaten, B. Manum, P. Aalto & A. Gilberg
Found in translation: Physical models as a structural design tool for architects 383
Th. Vilquin
Reframing structures: Frame experimentation in artistic studies 385
Vrouwe & B. Pak
Aesthetics in the education of civil and structural engineers 387
J.M. Songel
Lightweight and membrane structures
Fold here: Optimizing a disaster relief shelter with prototypes 391
R.M. Arens &E.P. Saliklis
Deployable membrane structures: Design proposal for the scissors-type system 393
O. F. Avellaneda & R. Sastre
Innovative solutions for ultra-lightweight textile shelters covering archaeological sites 395
A. Zanelli, E. Rosina, R. Maffei, G. Carra & P. Beccarelli
Tree like structures and fractals 397
J. S. Sanchez, F. Escrig &T.R. Lean
Lightweight architecture: Characteristics for an effective application in case of emergency 399
R. Maffei, A. Zanelli & P. Beccarelli
Minimal-surface-T-connections in architecture 401
G.H. Filz
Spaceplates Building System 405
A. Romme, I. S0rvin & A. Bagger
Qualitative investigation: Efficiency of a membrane roof project 407
E.F. Nunes, J.B.M. de Sousa Jr., A.M.S. de Freitas & B. Baier
"Corogami Hut" case study 409
C. Wiebe
Surface- and mesh-based approaches towards a materialization of architectural catenoids 411
G.H. Filz, S. Schiefer & Th. Stecher
Temporary reticulated membrane at PS1 415
P.O. Endres
Special structures
Shapes and behavior of triangular grid structures: Current trends in architecture of the 21st century 419
E.G. Meza&J.A. Diaz
Elevated pedestrian ways in Japan: A historical view 421
H. Isohata
Building on planet Mars student project 423
A. Nussbaumer, P. Zurbruegg, S. Erkman & T. Besson
Adaptable hybrid steel structures: Kinetic modeling and simulation study 425
M. Matheou, M. C. Phocas & E. G. Christoforou
Analysis of Portadas de Feria subjected to wind loads incorporating nonlinearity of the guys 427
M. T. Rodriguez-Leon, J. S. Sanchez & F. Escrig
Foundation Louis Vuitton: Exploring new structural typologies 429
A.M.B. Geli &M.P. Sendra
Steel and composite structures
Specificity of shaping light gauge steel shells 433
J. Abramczyk
Numerical analysis of sliding rigid beam-column joints made from encased tubes
for high-rise structures 435
A. A. Vails, A. A. Puigcerver & J.M. Carreras
Experimental and theoretical analysis of bridges with encased filler beams 437
V. Kvocak, R. Vargova & P. Beke
Shear connection of composite steel and concrete bridge trusses 439
M. Charvat & J. Machacek
Experimental study on steel-concrete shear walls with steel encased profiles retrofitted
with FRP composites 441
D. Dan, A. Fabian, V. Stoian & T. Nagy-Gyorgy
The re-use of disassembled steel structures between architectural design
and environmental sustainability 443
M. Pongiglione, C. Calderini & A. Giachetta
Theoretical and experimental studies on composite steel-concrete structural shear walls with steel encased profiles 445
A. Fabian, V. Stoian & D. Dan
Analysis of composite section columns under axial compression and biaxialbending moments 447
E. Fenollosa & I. Cabrera
Great steel structures: The Italian post-war trial 451
M. Zordan & F. Fragnoli
Required performance level of an existing building for over roofing 453
Zs. Nagy & M. Cristufiu
Innovative conception and design of structural systems for flexible floor spaces 455
C. Odenbreit, O. Hechler & M. Braun
Double curved aluminum façade 459
K. Najjar
Comparing the seismic performance of concentrically braced frames with and without self-centering behavior 461
G.J. O'Reilly&J. Goggins
Efficient solution for large motorways composite bridges 463
E. Petzek, L. Toma & E. Mete§
Technical solutions for rehabilitation of old arch bridges 465
E. Petzek, L. Toma & R. Bancila
Reconversion process of an old building into a modern commercial center 467
Zs. Nagy & M. Cristutiu
Adapting a historic truss viaduct to modern requirements 469
J. Holowaty
Structural solutions for emergency architecture 471
T. Otilia-Alexandra & G.D. Mihai
The borderline between architecture and structural engineering
The challenges of structure in today's architectural, economic and social context 475
A.B. Larena &J.B. Larena
Conceptural planning by the structural engineer 477
A. Gianoli
Alpexpo building by Jean Prouve in Grenoble: The specific issue of the suspended façade 479
A. Coste & C. Blachot
Great light spans: Geometry and simple structural behaviour—2nd half of the 20th century 481 V.A. Garcia &J.A. Diaz
Structure and architecture: The illogical results of considering them two separated
entities, after the 2009 earthquake in L'Aquila 483
C. Bartolomucci
A concrete prefabricated attic 485
C. Bocan
The importance of engineers in the development of modern Spanish architecture:
Alejandro de la Sola's industrial architecture 487
M.C Gonzalez & A.S. Estrela
Architecture and engineering in the new leaning towers 489
M. Camara, V. Compan & J. Sdnchez
Structure as architectural system 491
B. Corotis & A. Daringa
Closing the gap while celebrating the divide: Tools for A/E collaborative learning 493
M.K. Donofrio
A multi-performance comparison of long-span structural systems 495
C. T. Griffin, E. Douville, B. Thompson & M. Hoffman
Timber framed masonry buildings, an earthquake resistance influenced architecture 497
A. Dufu, J.G. Ferreira & C.S. Dragomir
Homeostatic patterns 499
A. Erioli, C. Giacobazzi & G. Castellazzi
The architecture of the fall: Metamorphosis of structure in the work
of Enric Miralles (1988-1997) 501
J.M. Rovira & C.B. Garcia
The role of architectural theory in exploiting the potential of iron load-bearing structures 503 M. V. Hdrfa
The interaction of architects and structural engineers for the Hellenic World Complex
in Athens 505
E.S. Kyriazis
A structural language for a conceptual design collaboration 507
L. Luyten
Engineers and the role of structures in architecture 509
B. Manum & D. Nilsen
On the extension of graphical statics into the 3rd dimension 511
M. Schrems & T. Kotnik
Configuration design for collective housing building structure—IFD systems configuration 513 J. Nikolic
Architectural taming of infrastructure: Interaction architect—structural engineers 515
R Tarczewski & P. Ogielski
Infrastructures and environmental impact: The synergy of architectural and structural design 517 M. Pasca
New species of structures 519
J. Perez-Herreras
The disappearance of the structural analysis barrier: The Sydney Opera House from a
contemporary perspective 523
J.R. Key
The role of structures in daylighting retrofits for existing buildings 525
M. Sedor, C. T. Griffin & K. Konis
Built environment sustainability—breaking the borderlines between architects
and civil engineers 527
M.A. Szitar, T.O. Gheorghiu & D.M. Grecea
Examining the architectural engineer 529
M.S. Uihlein
Traditional and scientific knowledge for a sustainable vulnerability reduction
of rural housing in Haiti 531
A. Caimi, H. Guillaud, O. Moles, F. Vieux-Champagne, P. Gamier, S. Grange,
Y. Sieffert & L. Daudeville
Experimental tests on steel members with variable I welded section 533
I.M. Cristutiu & D.L. Nunes
The evolutionary process of built heritage influenced by the
architecture/engineering borderline decisions5 535
A. Tavares, A. Costa & H. Varum
Confrontation between building and ground: Notions of force and gravity
in the work of Joao Vilanova Artigas 537
L. Borgonovi e Silva & T. Kotnik
Structuring geometry and abstraction of structures in architectural synthesis 539
Dz. Bijedic, R. Cahtarevic & S. Halilovic
Design of the Brasilia TV Tower 541
E.B.C. Azambuja & J.M.M. Sanchez
Energy efficiency upgrading, architectural restyling and structural retrofit
of modern buildings by means of "engineered" double skin façade 545
F. Feroldi, A. Marini, B. Badiani, G.A. Plizzari, E. Giuriani, A. Belleri & P. Riva
Structural assessment of heritage architecture 547
M. Holicky & M. Sykora
Structure and architecture in the design studio 551
P.D. Endres & C. Wetzel
Can collaboration within multidisciplinary teamwork be explained using
Belbins theory?—a case study 553
A. S. Dederichs & J. Karlshoj
Interaction of shape and structural performance: Design of structures using
methods of structural optimization 555
/. Lochner
The history of the relationship between architects and structural engineers
Pier Luigi Nervi in the United States: The height and decline of a master builder 561
A. Bologna & G. Neri
Domenico Parma and Guillermo Gonzalez Zuleta: A story of challenges,
innovation and development of concrete architecture in Colombia 563
E. C. Cortes & A. Primmer
Supporting modern architecture: Sources for the Matosinhos Market structural design 567
J.P. Delgado & P.T. Pinto
Structure impact on architectural form of multi-storey factory buildings
of industrial revolution 571
T. Senberger & J. Hoficka
Memories of Mario: The best structures professor I never knew 573
D.J. Oakley
Prefabrication and standardization: Arne Jacobsen's contribution 575
Y.O. Sanz
From construct to type—the transformation of constituents in the development of trusses 579 M. Rinke & T. Kotnik
Architect and engineer: The collaboration of Louis I. Kahn and August E. Komendant 581
H. Rodriguez-Camilloni
What is a steel construction? 583
F.R. Rosenberg
Between Le Due and Merimee. Talking about Vezelay 585
A.R.M. de la Plata, J.A. Diaz & P.C. Franco
Systems of rationalization: New methods and changes of organization in Swedish
building construction around 1970 587
E. Sigge
The architect/structural engineer relationship—a symmetrical symbiosis 589
R.A. Oprifa
Structural engineering for timber and steel-timber trusses in Italy (1800-1950) 593
E. Zamperini
"Arup calling": The engineering gets to Paris—Centre George Pompidou (1971-77) 595
M. Comba
Significant pioneers of engineer—architect collaboration in the twentieth century 597
A.J. Macdonald
Steel skeleton and terra cotta skin: Engineering and architecture of the Chicago
stock exchange by Adler and Sullivan 599
M.A. Chiuini
The structural engineer: Finding the philosophy of the profession 601
M.S. Uihlein
Anatomy of structures 603
F.H. Selmani
The tectonic of architectural solutions
AgwA architecture office: Study cases on structure and architecture 607
H. Fallen & B. Vandenbukke
Viljo Revell: Tectonic structures 609
J.J.F. Fores
The Tectonic meaning in Le Corbusier's architecture the case of Le Cabanon 611
F. Hakonsen
Mies' early American work and the Tectonic bond between architecture and structure 613
R.S. Aviles
Alternative affordable housing through simulated 3D architectural tectonic:
V3 Residence, Putrajaya 615
R. Ab. Rahman & A. A. Dzaharudin
Tectonics or reinforced concrete and timber and earthquake vulnerability 617
M.B. Dan
Combining shape grammars and BIM in the rehabilitation design process
of the bourgeois house of Oporto: The research progress 619
E. Coimbra & V. Riso
AgwA architecture office: Addressing structure in architecture competitions 621
H. Fallen & B. Vandenbukke
Towards an improved architectural quality in contemporary architecture 623
C. Kristensen & P.H. Kirkegaard
The use of new materials
Agricultural residues applications in contemporary building industry 627
H. Dahy & J. Knippers
The finishing touch for better energy efficiency of episodically used masonry wall single family houses 629
S. T. Djambova & O. Simov Light, colour, form and surface 631
C. Eckhardt
How to build the future with limited and finite resources? 633
Y. Sieffert, D. Daudon & J.-M. Huygen
Thermal and energy refurbishment of university buildings using phase
change materials 635
L.N. Gomes, M.S. Rodrigues, R.S. Vicente &T.R. Silva
Cement-bonded particleboards of modified composition with alternative raw sources utilization 637
T. Melichar & J. Bydiovsky
Timber structures
Connections loaded perpendicular to grain—analysis of the failure behavior
and design approach 641
B. Franke & R Quenneville
Contribution to the fire resistance of timber construction using boards 645
M. Dufkova & P. Kuklik
Low cost construction: State of the art and prospects for using structure
wood apartment buildings in Portugal 647
M. Oliveira, J.P. Couto, P. Mendonfa, J.M. Branco, M. Silva & A.P. Reis
Embodied information in structural timber 649
E. Jannasch
Convertible city: Light wood prefab systems in the extension of built environment 651
A. Spinelli
Analysis of the elasto-plastic failure behavior of wood under compression 653
S. Franks
Fire-resistance analysis of a novel wood-concrete composite deck 657
R. Meena, M. Schollmayer & S. Hehl
Optimized generation of non-standard wood structures based on native irregular components 659
V. Monier, G. Duchanois & J-C. Bignon
Development of prefabricated timber-concrete composite floors 661
P. Nechanicky & P. Kuklik
Barriers to the design and use of cross-laminated timber structures
in high-rise multi-family housing in the United States 663
J. Schmidt & C.T. Griffin
A modular timber construction system made with ribbed-box
or rather hollow-box elements 665
5. Franke & R. Hausammann
The Roman timber framework, a neglected construction method 667
X. Laumain
The behavior of toothed-plate connectors under reversed cyclic loading 669
E. Tuhkanen & K. Oiger
On seismic response of retrofitted wooden house by collapsing process analysis 671
T. Takatani & H. Nishikawa
Author index 675
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