Adapting land administration to the institutional framework of customary tenure : the case of peri-urban Ghana
Arko-Adjei, Anthony
Adapting land administration to the institutional framework of customary tenure : the case of peri-urban Ghana - Netherlands ITC 2011 - xix,262p. - ITC dissertation No.184 .
CONTENTS List of figures and tables Acronyms Acknowledgements 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background1 1.2 Land administration systems 3 1.3 Building land administration systems on customary tenure systems 4 1.4 Land administration in peri-urban customary areas in Ghana 6 1.5 Problem definition 8 1.6 Research questions 10 1.7 Research design, methodology and study areas 12 1.7.1 Research methodology 12 1.7.2 The case study areas 14 1.8 Scope of the study 16 1.9 Structure of the thesis 16 2 Customary tenure, formalisation and concepts of good governance 19 2.1 Introduction 19 2.2 Concepts of customary tenure systems 19 2.2.1 Essential features of customary tenure systems 20 2.2.2 Development arid changes in customary tenure systems 24 2.3 Concepts and models for customary tenure formalisation 28 2.3.1The replacement model 29 2.3.2 The De Soto model 32 2.3.3 Multiple or dual tenure models 34 2.3.4 The adaptation model 35 2.3.5 Innovative approaches to formalisation - examples 39 2.4 Good land governance and land administration 45 2.4.1The importance of good governance in land administration 45 2.4.2 Concepts of good governance 47 2.4.3 Approaches to governance assessment in land administration 48 2.5 Concluding remarks 50 3 The legal framework for administering customary land in Ghana 55 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 General environment 55 3.3 Land tenure system in Ghana 56 3.4 Customary tenure 58 3.4.1 The nature of customary landholding in Ghana 58 3.4.2 Rights arid interests in customary land 59 3.4.3 Transfer of interests in customary land 60 3.5 Statutory tenure and land administration 62 3.5.1 Legislative framework 62 3.5.2 Institutional framework 67 3.5.3 Organisational framework 73 3.6 The Land Administration Project and institutional reforms 80 3.7 Concluding remarks 82 4 Requirements and framework for designing land adminis tration for customary areas 85 4.1 Introduction 85 4.2 Key requirements for designing a land administration system for peri-urban customary areas 86 4.2.1 Adaptability 86 4.2.2 Flexibility 88 4.2.3 Upgradeability 90 4.2.4 Affordability and pro-poor objectives 91 4.2.5 Institutional legitimacy and credibility 92 4.2.6 Good land governance 93 4.3 Conceptual framework of the study 93 4.3.1 Dynamics of tenure and institutions 95 4.3.2 Good land governance 95 4.3.3 Indigenous knowledge and local capacity for land administration 99 4.4 Concluding remarks 101 5 Empirical study design and methodology 103 5.1 Introduction 103 5.2 Case study research 104 5.3 Selection and description of case study areas 105 5.3.1 Japekrom stool land 106 5.3.2 Tamale skin land 109 5.3.3 Gbawe-Kwatei family land 110 5.4 Data collection methods 113 5.4.1 Analysing the dynamics of tenure 113 5.4.2 Assessing good land governance 115 5.4.3 Assessing indigenous knowledge and local capacity 116 5.5 Analysis and reporting 117 5.5.1 Analysis of case study evidence 117 5.5.2 Case study reporting 118 5.6 Limitations of the field study 119 5.7 Concluding remarks 120 6 Dynamics of customary tenure in peri-urban Ghana 121 6.1 Introduction 121 6.2 Dynamics of tenure arrangements 121 6.2.1 Changing tenure rules and social settings 121 6.2.2 Changing allodial ownership and use rights 124 6.2.3 Changing usufructuary rights 125 6.2.4 Changing modes of transferring interest in land 127 6.2.5 Changing land values and land-use patterns128 6.3 Dynamics of the institutional arrangements of customary tenure 129 6.3.1 Erosion of traditional political authority 129 6.3.2 Innovation in the institutional arrangements of customary land delivery 130 6.4 Perceptions of the possible causes of tenure dynamics 133 6.5 Concluding remarks 134 7 Customary tenure institutions and good land governance in peri-urban Ghana 137 7.1 Introduction 137 7.2 Good land governance assessment 137 7.2.1 Participation 137 7.2.2 Equity140 7.2.3 Transparency 144 7.2.4 Accountability 146 7.2.5 Efficiency and effectiveness 148 7.3 Summary and discussion of findings 153 7.4 Concluding remarks 157 8 Indigenous knowledge and local capacity for land administration 159 8.1 Introduction 159 8.2 The participatory CIS approach 160 8.2.1 P-mapping. 160 8.2.2 Validation workshop 163 8.3 Results and analysis 163 8.3.1 Sketch mapping 163 8.3.2 Scale mapping 164 8.3.3 The feedback forum 170 8.3.4 The GPS survey 171 8.3.5 The follow-up community forum 172 8.3.6 The validation workshop 172 8.4 Appraising indigenous knowledge and PGIS 172 8.4.1 Dynamics of tenure 173 8.4.2 Transfer of indigenous knowledge 173 8.4.3 Accuracy of the maps 174 8.4.4 Usefulness of the maps 175 8.4.5 Usability of PGIS tools 175 8.4.6 Participation and empowerment 176 8.5 Concluding remarks 176 9 Strategies for designing land administration systems for peri-urban areas 179 9.1 Introduction 179 9.2 Conceptualising land administration systems for peri-urban customary areas 179 9.3 Framework for implementing land administration systems in customary areas 182 9.3.1 Organisational framework 182 9.3.2 Tenure models 184 9.3.3 Institutional arrangements 186 9.4Challenges of adaptating land administration to the institutional frameworks of customary tenure 193 9.5 Concluding remarks 196 10 Conclusion 199 10.1 Introduction 199 10.2 Conclusions 199 10.2.1 Formalisation and land administration 199 10.2.2 Requirements and framework for designing LA for peri-urban areas 201 10.2.3 Dynamics of customary tenure systems 203 10.2.4 Customary tenure institutions and land governance 204 10.2.5Indigenous knowledge (IK) and local capacity for land administration 204 10.2.6 Strategies for designing land administration systems for customary areas 205 10.2.7 Overall conclusions 208 10.3 Contribution to the literature on land administrationreform 208 10.4 Future research 210 References 213 Appendix A Interviewees 231 Appendix B Questionnaires 233 Appendix C Accessing land through the institutional framework of customary tenure 243 Summary. 247 Samenvatting 251 Curriculum vitae 255
1607507463
333.7316 / ARK
Adapting land administration to the institutional framework of customary tenure : the case of peri-urban Ghana - Netherlands ITC 2011 - xix,262p. - ITC dissertation No.184 .
CONTENTS List of figures and tables Acronyms Acknowledgements 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background1 1.2 Land administration systems 3 1.3 Building land administration systems on customary tenure systems 4 1.4 Land administration in peri-urban customary areas in Ghana 6 1.5 Problem definition 8 1.6 Research questions 10 1.7 Research design, methodology and study areas 12 1.7.1 Research methodology 12 1.7.2 The case study areas 14 1.8 Scope of the study 16 1.9 Structure of the thesis 16 2 Customary tenure, formalisation and concepts of good governance 19 2.1 Introduction 19 2.2 Concepts of customary tenure systems 19 2.2.1 Essential features of customary tenure systems 20 2.2.2 Development arid changes in customary tenure systems 24 2.3 Concepts and models for customary tenure formalisation 28 2.3.1The replacement model 29 2.3.2 The De Soto model 32 2.3.3 Multiple or dual tenure models 34 2.3.4 The adaptation model 35 2.3.5 Innovative approaches to formalisation - examples 39 2.4 Good land governance and land administration 45 2.4.1The importance of good governance in land administration 45 2.4.2 Concepts of good governance 47 2.4.3 Approaches to governance assessment in land administration 48 2.5 Concluding remarks 50 3 The legal framework for administering customary land in Ghana 55 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 General environment 55 3.3 Land tenure system in Ghana 56 3.4 Customary tenure 58 3.4.1 The nature of customary landholding in Ghana 58 3.4.2 Rights arid interests in customary land 59 3.4.3 Transfer of interests in customary land 60 3.5 Statutory tenure and land administration 62 3.5.1 Legislative framework 62 3.5.2 Institutional framework 67 3.5.3 Organisational framework 73 3.6 The Land Administration Project and institutional reforms 80 3.7 Concluding remarks 82 4 Requirements and framework for designing land adminis tration for customary areas 85 4.1 Introduction 85 4.2 Key requirements for designing a land administration system for peri-urban customary areas 86 4.2.1 Adaptability 86 4.2.2 Flexibility 88 4.2.3 Upgradeability 90 4.2.4 Affordability and pro-poor objectives 91 4.2.5 Institutional legitimacy and credibility 92 4.2.6 Good land governance 93 4.3 Conceptual framework of the study 93 4.3.1 Dynamics of tenure and institutions 95 4.3.2 Good land governance 95 4.3.3 Indigenous knowledge and local capacity for land administration 99 4.4 Concluding remarks 101 5 Empirical study design and methodology 103 5.1 Introduction 103 5.2 Case study research 104 5.3 Selection and description of case study areas 105 5.3.1 Japekrom stool land 106 5.3.2 Tamale skin land 109 5.3.3 Gbawe-Kwatei family land 110 5.4 Data collection methods 113 5.4.1 Analysing the dynamics of tenure 113 5.4.2 Assessing good land governance 115 5.4.3 Assessing indigenous knowledge and local capacity 116 5.5 Analysis and reporting 117 5.5.1 Analysis of case study evidence 117 5.5.2 Case study reporting 118 5.6 Limitations of the field study 119 5.7 Concluding remarks 120 6 Dynamics of customary tenure in peri-urban Ghana 121 6.1 Introduction 121 6.2 Dynamics of tenure arrangements 121 6.2.1 Changing tenure rules and social settings 121 6.2.2 Changing allodial ownership and use rights 124 6.2.3 Changing usufructuary rights 125 6.2.4 Changing modes of transferring interest in land 127 6.2.5 Changing land values and land-use patterns128 6.3 Dynamics of the institutional arrangements of customary tenure 129 6.3.1 Erosion of traditional political authority 129 6.3.2 Innovation in the institutional arrangements of customary land delivery 130 6.4 Perceptions of the possible causes of tenure dynamics 133 6.5 Concluding remarks 134 7 Customary tenure institutions and good land governance in peri-urban Ghana 137 7.1 Introduction 137 7.2 Good land governance assessment 137 7.2.1 Participation 137 7.2.2 Equity140 7.2.3 Transparency 144 7.2.4 Accountability 146 7.2.5 Efficiency and effectiveness 148 7.3 Summary and discussion of findings 153 7.4 Concluding remarks 157 8 Indigenous knowledge and local capacity for land administration 159 8.1 Introduction 159 8.2 The participatory CIS approach 160 8.2.1 P-mapping. 160 8.2.2 Validation workshop 163 8.3 Results and analysis 163 8.3.1 Sketch mapping 163 8.3.2 Scale mapping 164 8.3.3 The feedback forum 170 8.3.4 The GPS survey 171 8.3.5 The follow-up community forum 172 8.3.6 The validation workshop 172 8.4 Appraising indigenous knowledge and PGIS 172 8.4.1 Dynamics of tenure 173 8.4.2 Transfer of indigenous knowledge 173 8.4.3 Accuracy of the maps 174 8.4.4 Usefulness of the maps 175 8.4.5 Usability of PGIS tools 175 8.4.6 Participation and empowerment 176 8.5 Concluding remarks 176 9 Strategies for designing land administration systems for peri-urban areas 179 9.1 Introduction 179 9.2 Conceptualising land administration systems for peri-urban customary areas 179 9.3 Framework for implementing land administration systems in customary areas 182 9.3.1 Organisational framework 182 9.3.2 Tenure models 184 9.3.3 Institutional arrangements 186 9.4Challenges of adaptating land administration to the institutional frameworks of customary tenure 193 9.5 Concluding remarks 196 10 Conclusion 199 10.1 Introduction 199 10.2 Conclusions 199 10.2.1 Formalisation and land administration 199 10.2.2 Requirements and framework for designing LA for peri-urban areas 201 10.2.3 Dynamics of customary tenure systems 203 10.2.4 Customary tenure institutions and land governance 204 10.2.5Indigenous knowledge (IK) and local capacity for land administration 204 10.2.6 Strategies for designing land administration systems for customary areas 205 10.2.7 Overall conclusions 208 10.3 Contribution to the literature on land administrationreform 208 10.4 Future research 210 References 213 Appendix A Interviewees 231 Appendix B Questionnaires 233 Appendix C Accessing land through the institutional framework of customary tenure 243 Summary. 247 Samenvatting 251 Curriculum vitae 255
1607507463
333.7316 / ARK