Environmental economics in India
Ganesamurthy, V. S.
Environmental economics in India - New Delhi New Century Publications 2009 - xiii,180p.
CONTENTS Preface vii 1. Environmental Economics: An Introduction 1 1.1 Environmental Pollution 1.2 Sustainable Development 2. Environment in India: Policies and Programmes 5 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Environmental Problems 2.3 Causes of Environmental Degradation 2.3.1 Population 2.3.2 Over Use of Water 2.3.3 Urbanisation 2.3.4 Industrialisation 2.4 Government Policies and Initiatives 2.4.1 Protection of Environment as a Fundamental Duty 2.4.2 Legislative Measures 2.4.3 Institutional Framework 2.5 Tax Incentives 2.5.1 Income Tax 2.5.2 Long-term Capital Gains 2.5.3 Depreciation Allowance 2.5.4 Excise Duty Concessions 2.5.5 Customs Duty Concessions 2.6 Financial Assistance 2.7 Ninth Five Year Plan (1997-2002) on Environment 2.7.1 Approach Paper to the Ninth Plan 2.7.2 Ninth Plan Final Document 2.8 Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-07) on Environment 2.9 Approach Paper to Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) on Environment 2.10 Conclusion 3. Air Pollution28 3.1 Sources of Air Pollution 3.2 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 3.3 Recent Measures to Control Air Pollution 3.4 Eleventh Plan Strategy 3.5 Conclusion 4. Water Pollution33 4.1 Water Pollution 4.2 Effects of Water Pollution 4.3 Characteristics of Good Quality Water 4.4 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 4.5 Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) Scheme 4.6 National River Conservation Plan 4.7 National Lake Conservation Plan 4.8 Dal Lake Conservation Project 4.9 Conclusion 5. Protection of Forests 42 5.1 Importance of Forests 5.2 Constitutional Provisions Regarding Forests 5.3 Impact of Human and Development Activities on Forests 5.4 Forest Policy in India 5.5 Indian Board for Wildlife 5.6 National Wildlife Action Plan (NWAP) 2002 5.7 Forests and Water 5.8 Encroachment and Degradation 5.9 Funding Support for Wildlife Conservation 5.10 Wildlife Institute of India 5.11 Agroforestry 5.11.1 Meaning 5.11.2 Significance 5.11.3 Reasons for Higher Production under Agroforestry 5.11.4 Constraints 5.12 Social Forestry 5.13 Farm Forestry 5.14 Rehabilitation of Degraded Forests 5.15 Joint Forest Management 5.16 Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) on Forests 5.17 Conclusion 6. Urban Development and Environment69 6.1 Growing Urbanisation in India 6.2 Constitution (Seventy-fourth Amendment) Act, 1992 6.3 Nature of Urban Municipal Services 6.4 Urban Transport 6.5 Safe Drinking Water 6.6 Urban Solid Waste Management 6.6.1 Municipal Solid Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2000 6.7 Sanitation 6.8 Urban Housing 6.9 Financing of Urban Municipal Services 6.10 Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) 6.11 Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) on Urban Services 6.12 Conclusion 7. Rural Development and Environment 89 7.1 Constitutional Provisions 7.2 Rural Electrification 7.2.1 Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY), April 2005 7.2.2 Progress of Implementation of RGGVY (till February 9, 2007) 7.3 Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) 7.4 Rural Water Supply 7.5 Rural Sanitation 7.6 Indira Awaas Yojana (LAY) 7.7 Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) 7.8 Bharat Nirman Programme for Rural Infrastructure 8. Disaster Management 97 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-07) on Disaster Management 8.3 National Disaster Mitigation Programme (NDMP) 8.4 National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project 8.5 Disaster Management Act, 2005 8.6 National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) 8.7 State and District Disaster Management Authorities 8.8 National Disaster Response Force 8.9 National Institute of Disaster Management 8.10 Financial Provisions for Disaster Management 8.11 Disaster Management as Component of Development Planning 8.12 Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) on Disaster Management 9. Climate Change 112 9.1 Global Warming and India 9.2 Consequences of Climate Change 9.3 Climate Change Management 9.4 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and Kyoto Protocol 9.5 Conclusion 10. Recent Initiatives to Improve Environment in India 119 10.1 Biosphere Reserves Programme, 1986 10.2 Biological Diversity Act, 2002 and Rules, 2004 10.3 National Environment Policy (NEP) 2006 10.4 National Environmental Policy on Clean Technology 10.5 Coastal Zone Management 10.6 National Environmental Monitoring Programme 10.7 Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems 10.8 Environmental Impact Assessment Appendix 1 127 Government of India, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi: Executive Summary of Guidelines for Environmentally Sound Management of E-Waste, March 2008 Appendix 2 134 Summary and Recommendations of the Report of the National Forest Commission (Chairman: Justice B.N. Kirpal) Government of India, 2006 Bibliography 167 Index 175
8177081918
333.7 / GAN
Environmental economics in India - New Delhi New Century Publications 2009 - xiii,180p.
CONTENTS Preface vii 1. Environmental Economics: An Introduction 1 1.1 Environmental Pollution 1.2 Sustainable Development 2. Environment in India: Policies and Programmes 5 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Environmental Problems 2.3 Causes of Environmental Degradation 2.3.1 Population 2.3.2 Over Use of Water 2.3.3 Urbanisation 2.3.4 Industrialisation 2.4 Government Policies and Initiatives 2.4.1 Protection of Environment as a Fundamental Duty 2.4.2 Legislative Measures 2.4.3 Institutional Framework 2.5 Tax Incentives 2.5.1 Income Tax 2.5.2 Long-term Capital Gains 2.5.3 Depreciation Allowance 2.5.4 Excise Duty Concessions 2.5.5 Customs Duty Concessions 2.6 Financial Assistance 2.7 Ninth Five Year Plan (1997-2002) on Environment 2.7.1 Approach Paper to the Ninth Plan 2.7.2 Ninth Plan Final Document 2.8 Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-07) on Environment 2.9 Approach Paper to Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) on Environment 2.10 Conclusion 3. Air Pollution28 3.1 Sources of Air Pollution 3.2 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 3.3 Recent Measures to Control Air Pollution 3.4 Eleventh Plan Strategy 3.5 Conclusion 4. Water Pollution33 4.1 Water Pollution 4.2 Effects of Water Pollution 4.3 Characteristics of Good Quality Water 4.4 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 4.5 Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) Scheme 4.6 National River Conservation Plan 4.7 National Lake Conservation Plan 4.8 Dal Lake Conservation Project 4.9 Conclusion 5. Protection of Forests 42 5.1 Importance of Forests 5.2 Constitutional Provisions Regarding Forests 5.3 Impact of Human and Development Activities on Forests 5.4 Forest Policy in India 5.5 Indian Board for Wildlife 5.6 National Wildlife Action Plan (NWAP) 2002 5.7 Forests and Water 5.8 Encroachment and Degradation 5.9 Funding Support for Wildlife Conservation 5.10 Wildlife Institute of India 5.11 Agroforestry 5.11.1 Meaning 5.11.2 Significance 5.11.3 Reasons for Higher Production under Agroforestry 5.11.4 Constraints 5.12 Social Forestry 5.13 Farm Forestry 5.14 Rehabilitation of Degraded Forests 5.15 Joint Forest Management 5.16 Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) on Forests 5.17 Conclusion 6. Urban Development and Environment69 6.1 Growing Urbanisation in India 6.2 Constitution (Seventy-fourth Amendment) Act, 1992 6.3 Nature of Urban Municipal Services 6.4 Urban Transport 6.5 Safe Drinking Water 6.6 Urban Solid Waste Management 6.6.1 Municipal Solid Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2000 6.7 Sanitation 6.8 Urban Housing 6.9 Financing of Urban Municipal Services 6.10 Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) 6.11 Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) on Urban Services 6.12 Conclusion 7. Rural Development and Environment 89 7.1 Constitutional Provisions 7.2 Rural Electrification 7.2.1 Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY), April 2005 7.2.2 Progress of Implementation of RGGVY (till February 9, 2007) 7.3 Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) 7.4 Rural Water Supply 7.5 Rural Sanitation 7.6 Indira Awaas Yojana (LAY) 7.7 Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) 7.8 Bharat Nirman Programme for Rural Infrastructure 8. Disaster Management 97 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-07) on Disaster Management 8.3 National Disaster Mitigation Programme (NDMP) 8.4 National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project 8.5 Disaster Management Act, 2005 8.6 National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) 8.7 State and District Disaster Management Authorities 8.8 National Disaster Response Force 8.9 National Institute of Disaster Management 8.10 Financial Provisions for Disaster Management 8.11 Disaster Management as Component of Development Planning 8.12 Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) on Disaster Management 9. Climate Change 112 9.1 Global Warming and India 9.2 Consequences of Climate Change 9.3 Climate Change Management 9.4 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and Kyoto Protocol 9.5 Conclusion 10. Recent Initiatives to Improve Environment in India 119 10.1 Biosphere Reserves Programme, 1986 10.2 Biological Diversity Act, 2002 and Rules, 2004 10.3 National Environment Policy (NEP) 2006 10.4 National Environmental Policy on Clean Technology 10.5 Coastal Zone Management 10.6 National Environmental Monitoring Programme 10.7 Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems 10.8 Environmental Impact Assessment Appendix 1 127 Government of India, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi: Executive Summary of Guidelines for Environmentally Sound Management of E-Waste, March 2008 Appendix 2 134 Summary and Recommendations of the Report of the National Forest Commission (Chairman: Justice B.N. Kirpal) Government of India, 2006 Bibliography 167 Index 175
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